Development and Recovery of Stress‐Induced Elastic Anisotropy During Cyclic Loading Experiment on Westerly Granite
Abstract In the upper crust, where brittle deformation mechanisms dominate, the development of crack networks subject to anisotropic stress fields generates stress‐induced elastic anisotropy. Here a rock specimen of Westerly granite was submitted to differential stress cycles (i.e., loading and unlo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078434 |
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| author | François. X. Passelègue Lucas Pimienta Daniel Faulkner Alexandre Schubnel Jérôme Fortin Yves Guéguen |
| author_facet | François. X. Passelègue Lucas Pimienta Daniel Faulkner Alexandre Schubnel Jérôme Fortin Yves Guéguen |
| author_sort | François. X. Passelègue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In the upper crust, where brittle deformation mechanisms dominate, the development of crack networks subject to anisotropic stress fields generates stress‐induced elastic anisotropy. Here a rock specimen of Westerly granite was submitted to differential stress cycles (i.e., loading and unloading) of increasing amplitudes, up to failure and under upper crustal conditions. Combined records of strains, acoustic emissions, and P and S elastic wave anisotropies demonstrate that increasing differential stress promotes crack opening, sliding, and propagation subparallel to the main compressive stress orientation. However, the significant elastic anisotropies observed during loading (≥20%) almost vanish upon stress removal, demonstrating that in the absence of stress, crack‐related elastic anisotropy remains limited (≤10%). As a consequence, (i) crack‐related elastic anisotropies measured in the crust will likely be a strong function of the level of differential stress, and consequently (ii) continuous monitoring of elastic wave velocity anisotropy along faults could shed light on the mechanism of stress accumulation during interseismic loading. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-842d0beed4b84884b9d8c49df17bc2cd |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-842d0beed4b84884b9d8c49df17bc2cd2025-08-20T01:58:00ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072018-08-0145168156816610.1029/2018GL078434Development and Recovery of Stress‐Induced Elastic Anisotropy During Cyclic Loading Experiment on Westerly GraniteFrançois. X. Passelègue0Lucas Pimienta1Daniel Faulkner2Alexandre Schubnel3Jérôme Fortin4Yves Guéguen5SEAES The University of Manchester Manchester UKLaboratoire de Géologie CNRS UMR, École Normale Supérieure Paris FranceSchool of Environmental The University of Liverpool Liverpool UKLaboratoire de Géologie CNRS UMR, École Normale Supérieure Paris FranceLaboratoire de Géologie CNRS UMR, École Normale Supérieure Paris FranceLaboratoire de Géologie CNRS UMR, École Normale Supérieure Paris FranceAbstract In the upper crust, where brittle deformation mechanisms dominate, the development of crack networks subject to anisotropic stress fields generates stress‐induced elastic anisotropy. Here a rock specimen of Westerly granite was submitted to differential stress cycles (i.e., loading and unloading) of increasing amplitudes, up to failure and under upper crustal conditions. Combined records of strains, acoustic emissions, and P and S elastic wave anisotropies demonstrate that increasing differential stress promotes crack opening, sliding, and propagation subparallel to the main compressive stress orientation. However, the significant elastic anisotropies observed during loading (≥20%) almost vanish upon stress removal, demonstrating that in the absence of stress, crack‐related elastic anisotropy remains limited (≤10%). As a consequence, (i) crack‐related elastic anisotropies measured in the crust will likely be a strong function of the level of differential stress, and consequently (ii) continuous monitoring of elastic wave velocity anisotropy along faults could shed light on the mechanism of stress accumulation during interseismic loading.https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078434stress‐induced anisotropycrack densitiesacoustic emissionsdamage recoveryanisotropy recoveryKaiser effect |
| spellingShingle | François. X. Passelègue Lucas Pimienta Daniel Faulkner Alexandre Schubnel Jérôme Fortin Yves Guéguen Development and Recovery of Stress‐Induced Elastic Anisotropy During Cyclic Loading Experiment on Westerly Granite Geophysical Research Letters stress‐induced anisotropy crack densities acoustic emissions damage recovery anisotropy recovery Kaiser effect |
| title | Development and Recovery of Stress‐Induced Elastic Anisotropy During Cyclic Loading Experiment on Westerly Granite |
| title_full | Development and Recovery of Stress‐Induced Elastic Anisotropy During Cyclic Loading Experiment on Westerly Granite |
| title_fullStr | Development and Recovery of Stress‐Induced Elastic Anisotropy During Cyclic Loading Experiment on Westerly Granite |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development and Recovery of Stress‐Induced Elastic Anisotropy During Cyclic Loading Experiment on Westerly Granite |
| title_short | Development and Recovery of Stress‐Induced Elastic Anisotropy During Cyclic Loading Experiment on Westerly Granite |
| title_sort | development and recovery of stress induced elastic anisotropy during cyclic loading experiment on westerly granite |
| topic | stress‐induced anisotropy crack densities acoustic emissions damage recovery anisotropy recovery Kaiser effect |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078434 |
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