The dual-function of HSP70 in immune response and tumor immunity: from molecular regulation to therapeutic innovations
Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a highly conserved molecular chaperone that plays a core role in assisting protein folding and maintaining cellular homeostasis. In recent years, studies have revealed that HSP70 has dual functions in immune regulation: on the one hand, it enhances immune responses b...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1587414/full |
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| author | Beining Zhang Ruiqun Qi Ruiqun Qi |
| author_facet | Beining Zhang Ruiqun Qi Ruiqun Qi |
| author_sort | Beining Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a highly conserved molecular chaperone that plays a core role in assisting protein folding and maintaining cellular homeostasis. In recent years, studies have revealed that HSP70 has dual functions in immune regulation: on the one hand, it enhances immune responses by activating non-specific immunity (such as Toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4) signaling pathways) and specific immunity (such as cross-presentation of antigens, T helper 1 (Th1)/T helper 17 (Th17) differentiation); on the other hand, it inhibits excessive immune reactions by inducing the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg) and promoting the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors [such as interleukin-10 (IL-10)]. In cancer, the duality of HSP70 is also very prominent: it can drive tumor progression through pathways such as inhibiting apoptosis, promoting angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis, and it can also inhibit tumor growth by activating immunogenic cell death (ICD), enhancing antigen presentation, and natural killer (NK) cell activity. This review aims to systematically analyze the immune regulatory functions of HSP70, focusing on its dual regulatory mechanisms and the “double-edged sword” nature of HSP70 in tumor immunotherapy and the innovative nature of targeted strategies, as well as providing a theoretical basis and research directions for precision medicine in the treatment strategies of related diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-84129ff2cb7e49d2b965eaae982b83cb |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-84129ff2cb7e49d2b965eaae982b83cb2025-08-20T02:12:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-04-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15874141587414The dual-function of HSP70 in immune response and tumor immunity: from molecular regulation to therapeutic innovationsBeining Zhang0Ruiqun Qi1Ruiqun Qi2Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, and National Health Commission; National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, Shenyang, ChinaHeat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a highly conserved molecular chaperone that plays a core role in assisting protein folding and maintaining cellular homeostasis. In recent years, studies have revealed that HSP70 has dual functions in immune regulation: on the one hand, it enhances immune responses by activating non-specific immunity (such as Toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4) signaling pathways) and specific immunity (such as cross-presentation of antigens, T helper 1 (Th1)/T helper 17 (Th17) differentiation); on the other hand, it inhibits excessive immune reactions by inducing the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg) and promoting the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors [such as interleukin-10 (IL-10)]. In cancer, the duality of HSP70 is also very prominent: it can drive tumor progression through pathways such as inhibiting apoptosis, promoting angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis, and it can also inhibit tumor growth by activating immunogenic cell death (ICD), enhancing antigen presentation, and natural killer (NK) cell activity. This review aims to systematically analyze the immune regulatory functions of HSP70, focusing on its dual regulatory mechanisms and the “double-edged sword” nature of HSP70 in tumor immunotherapy and the innovative nature of targeted strategies, as well as providing a theoretical basis and research directions for precision medicine in the treatment strategies of related diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1587414/fullHSP70immune regulationtumor immunitymolecular mechanismstherapeutic strategies |
| spellingShingle | Beining Zhang Ruiqun Qi Ruiqun Qi The dual-function of HSP70 in immune response and tumor immunity: from molecular regulation to therapeutic innovations Frontiers in Immunology HSP70 immune regulation tumor immunity molecular mechanisms therapeutic strategies |
| title | The dual-function of HSP70 in immune response and tumor immunity: from molecular regulation to therapeutic innovations |
| title_full | The dual-function of HSP70 in immune response and tumor immunity: from molecular regulation to therapeutic innovations |
| title_fullStr | The dual-function of HSP70 in immune response and tumor immunity: from molecular regulation to therapeutic innovations |
| title_full_unstemmed | The dual-function of HSP70 in immune response and tumor immunity: from molecular regulation to therapeutic innovations |
| title_short | The dual-function of HSP70 in immune response and tumor immunity: from molecular regulation to therapeutic innovations |
| title_sort | dual function of hsp70 in immune response and tumor immunity from molecular regulation to therapeutic innovations |
| topic | HSP70 immune regulation tumor immunity molecular mechanisms therapeutic strategies |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1587414/full |
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