Knee pain in runners: the most common causes, symptoms, and treatment review

Introduction and Purpose: Running is one of the most common activities. It is also associated with a high risk of knee joint injuries. The most common are Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS), Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS), and Patellar Tendinopathy (PT). These conditions can limit mobility and r...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Natalia Gizińska, Aleksandra Górniak, Amelia Rusiecka, Aleksandra Kubas, Paulina Lewandowska, Aleksander Sobczyk, Michał Widawski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń 2025-06-01
Series:Quality in Sport
Subjects:
Online Access:https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/60455
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850156831031164928
author Natalia Gizińska
Aleksandra Górniak
Amelia Rusiecka
Aleksandra Kubas
Paulina Lewandowska
Aleksander Sobczyk
Michał Widawski
author_facet Natalia Gizińska
Aleksandra Górniak
Amelia Rusiecka
Aleksandra Kubas
Paulina Lewandowska
Aleksander Sobczyk
Michał Widawski
author_sort Natalia Gizińska
collection DOAJ
description Introduction and Purpose: Running is one of the most common activities. It is also associated with a high risk of knee joint injuries. The most common are Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS), Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS), and Patellar Tendinopathy (PT). These conditions can limit mobility and reduce quality of life. The purpose of this article is to review the causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment for these conditions in runners, based on the most recent knowledge. State of Knowledge: The most frequent running-related knee injuries are PFPS, ITBS, and PT. An accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. Management should be tailored to everyone, considering factors such as age and the stage of the condition. These injuries often require a break from running. Most cases improve with non-surgical treatments. Surgery is reserved for severe or persistent cases. Preventive strategies focus on addressing training mistakes, strengthening specific muscle groups, and refining running mechanics. Methods: The following paper analyzed studies found on electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, using keywords such as “knee injury”, “PFPS”, “ITBS”, “PT”, “causes of knee pain”, “treatment of knee injuries”, and “prevention of knee injuries”. Articles include randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews prioritizing resources published after 2015. Conclusions: Knee injuries in runners are multifactorial and often result from poor biomechanics, muscle imbalances, training errors, or repetitive strain. Accurate diagnosis is essential to differentiate between conditions with similar symptoms. Conservative treatment is the first-line treatment for PFPS, ITBS, and PT, and it shows good results. Surgery is reserved for treatment-resistant cases. Prevention mainly focuses on correcting training errors, strengthening key muscle groups, and improving running technique, which is a key to reducing the risk of injury.
format Article
id doaj-art-8400c5f023214a3fb5d8653fec0bf2ca
institution OA Journals
issn 2450-3118
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
record_format Article
series Quality in Sport
spelling doaj-art-8400c5f023214a3fb5d8653fec0bf2ca2025-08-20T02:24:22ZengNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńQuality in Sport2450-31182025-06-014210.12775/QS.2025.42.60455Knee pain in runners: the most common causes, symptoms, and treatment reviewNatalia Gizińska0https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5267-8588Aleksandra Górniak1https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3331-9597Amelia Rusiecka2https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6541-6754Aleksandra Kubas3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-9832Paulina Lewandowska4https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1415-6730Aleksander Sobczyk5https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3907-9357Michał Widawski6https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7141-0314University Clinical Hospital No. 2 of the Medical University of LodzUniversity Clinical Hospital No.2 of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113; 90-549 Łódź; PolandCentral Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Łodz; PolandUniversity Clinical Hospital No.2 of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113; 90-549 Łódź; PolandThe Medical University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, PolandUniversity Clinical Hospital No.2 of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113; 90-549 Łódź; PolandUniversity Clinical Hospital No.2 of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113; 90-549 Łódź; PolandIntroduction and Purpose: Running is one of the most common activities. It is also associated with a high risk of knee joint injuries. The most common are Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS), Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS), and Patellar Tendinopathy (PT). These conditions can limit mobility and reduce quality of life. The purpose of this article is to review the causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment for these conditions in runners, based on the most recent knowledge. State of Knowledge: The most frequent running-related knee injuries are PFPS, ITBS, and PT. An accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. Management should be tailored to everyone, considering factors such as age and the stage of the condition. These injuries often require a break from running. Most cases improve with non-surgical treatments. Surgery is reserved for severe or persistent cases. Preventive strategies focus on addressing training mistakes, strengthening specific muscle groups, and refining running mechanics. Methods: The following paper analyzed studies found on electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, using keywords such as “knee injury”, “PFPS”, “ITBS”, “PT”, “causes of knee pain”, “treatment of knee injuries”, and “prevention of knee injuries”. Articles include randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews prioritizing resources published after 2015. Conclusions: Knee injuries in runners are multifactorial and often result from poor biomechanics, muscle imbalances, training errors, or repetitive strain. Accurate diagnosis is essential to differentiate between conditions with similar symptoms. Conservative treatment is the first-line treatment for PFPS, ITBS, and PT, and it shows good results. Surgery is reserved for treatment-resistant cases. Prevention mainly focuses on correcting training errors, strengthening key muscle groups, and improving running technique, which is a key to reducing the risk of injury. https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/60455Running injuriesPatellofemoral Pain SyndromeIliotibial Band SyndromePatellar Tendinopathyknee painknee injury treatment
spellingShingle Natalia Gizińska
Aleksandra Górniak
Amelia Rusiecka
Aleksandra Kubas
Paulina Lewandowska
Aleksander Sobczyk
Michał Widawski
Knee pain in runners: the most common causes, symptoms, and treatment review
Quality in Sport
Running injuries
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Iliotibial Band Syndrome
Patellar Tendinopathy
knee pain
knee injury treatment
title Knee pain in runners: the most common causes, symptoms, and treatment review
title_full Knee pain in runners: the most common causes, symptoms, and treatment review
title_fullStr Knee pain in runners: the most common causes, symptoms, and treatment review
title_full_unstemmed Knee pain in runners: the most common causes, symptoms, and treatment review
title_short Knee pain in runners: the most common causes, symptoms, and treatment review
title_sort knee pain in runners the most common causes symptoms and treatment review
topic Running injuries
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Iliotibial Band Syndrome
Patellar Tendinopathy
knee pain
knee injury treatment
url https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/60455
work_keys_str_mv AT nataliagizinska kneepaininrunnersthemostcommoncausessymptomsandtreatmentreview
AT aleksandragorniak kneepaininrunnersthemostcommoncausessymptomsandtreatmentreview
AT ameliarusiecka kneepaininrunnersthemostcommoncausessymptomsandtreatmentreview
AT aleksandrakubas kneepaininrunnersthemostcommoncausessymptomsandtreatmentreview
AT paulinalewandowska kneepaininrunnersthemostcommoncausessymptomsandtreatmentreview
AT aleksandersobczyk kneepaininrunnersthemostcommoncausessymptomsandtreatmentreview
AT michałwidawski kneepaininrunnersthemostcommoncausessymptomsandtreatmentreview