How Is Bovine Genital Leptospirosis Diagnosed Under Field Conditions?
Bovine genital leptospirosis (BGL) is a chronic reproductive disease in cattle, often causing significant economic losses, and is commonly associated with leptospiral strains belonging to the Sejroe serogroup. A two-step protocol was recommended, based on serological screening of the herds followed...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Juliana Pedrosa Julia Mendes José Zambrano Filipe Aníbal Carvalho-Costa Maria Isabel Nogueira Di Azevedo Luiza Aymée Walter Lilenbaum |
| author_facet | Juliana Pedrosa Julia Mendes José Zambrano Filipe Aníbal Carvalho-Costa Maria Isabel Nogueira Di Azevedo Luiza Aymée Walter Lilenbaum |
| author_sort | Juliana Pedrosa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bovine genital leptospirosis (BGL) is a chronic reproductive disease in cattle, often causing significant economic losses, and is commonly associated with leptospiral strains belonging to the Sejroe serogroup. A two-step protocol was recommended, based on serological screening of the herds followed by an individual diagnosis with PCR of a genital sample. Although proposed, it has not been commonly applied under field conditions, leading to frustrating outcomes in disease control. In that context, the present study aimed to demonstrate the viability of that two-step protocol under field conditions for diagnosing BGL in eight herds with reproductive disorders. Blood samples were collected from 440 cows for serology. In addition, 304 cervicovaginal mucus (CVM) samples were collected for <i>lip</i>L32-PCR and 11 samples were sequenced of the <i>sec</i>Y gene. All herds showed high seroreactivity, mainly against the serogroup Sejroe. In addition, 113 of the 304 CVM samples (37.2%) were PCR-positive. DNA sequencing of 11 positive samples based on the <i>sec</i>Y gene revealed maximum identity (100%) with <i>L. interrogans</i> species. This study found CVM sampling quick and easy, making it practical for field use. Overall, the results support the two-step protocol serological screening followed by CVM-PCR testing as an efficient and reliable method for diagnosing BGL in herds with reproductive disorders in field conditions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-83ba6affd9754ad99bab1fba3abc46bb |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-83ba6affd9754ad99bab1fba3abc46bb2025-08-20T02:48:09ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-02-0115344310.3390/ani15030443How Is Bovine Genital Leptospirosis Diagnosed Under Field Conditions?Juliana Pedrosa0Julia Mendes1José Zambrano2Filipe Aníbal Carvalho-Costa3Maria Isabel Nogueira Di Azevedo4Luiza Aymée5Walter Lilenbaum6Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Biomedical Institute of Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24220-900, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Biomedical Institute of Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24220-900, RJ, BrazilZambrano Herd Consulting Corporation, Belo Horizonte 30421-300, MG, BrazilLaboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-90, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Biomedical Institute of Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24220-900, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Biomedical Institute of Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24220-900, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Biomedical Institute of Fluminense Federal University, Niterói 24220-900, RJ, BrazilBovine genital leptospirosis (BGL) is a chronic reproductive disease in cattle, often causing significant economic losses, and is commonly associated with leptospiral strains belonging to the Sejroe serogroup. A two-step protocol was recommended, based on serological screening of the herds followed by an individual diagnosis with PCR of a genital sample. Although proposed, it has not been commonly applied under field conditions, leading to frustrating outcomes in disease control. In that context, the present study aimed to demonstrate the viability of that two-step protocol under field conditions for diagnosing BGL in eight herds with reproductive disorders. Blood samples were collected from 440 cows for serology. In addition, 304 cervicovaginal mucus (CVM) samples were collected for <i>lip</i>L32-PCR and 11 samples were sequenced of the <i>sec</i>Y gene. All herds showed high seroreactivity, mainly against the serogroup Sejroe. In addition, 113 of the 304 CVM samples (37.2%) were PCR-positive. DNA sequencing of 11 positive samples based on the <i>sec</i>Y gene revealed maximum identity (100%) with <i>L. interrogans</i> species. This study found CVM sampling quick and easy, making it practical for field use. Overall, the results support the two-step protocol serological screening followed by CVM-PCR testing as an efficient and reliable method for diagnosing BGL in herds with reproductive disorders in field conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/3/443bovineleptospirosisdiagnosismicroscopic agglutination testingPCR |
| spellingShingle | Juliana Pedrosa Julia Mendes José Zambrano Filipe Aníbal Carvalho-Costa Maria Isabel Nogueira Di Azevedo Luiza Aymée Walter Lilenbaum How Is Bovine Genital Leptospirosis Diagnosed Under Field Conditions? Animals bovine leptospirosis diagnosis microscopic agglutination testing PCR |
| title | How Is Bovine Genital Leptospirosis Diagnosed Under Field Conditions? |
| title_full | How Is Bovine Genital Leptospirosis Diagnosed Under Field Conditions? |
| title_fullStr | How Is Bovine Genital Leptospirosis Diagnosed Under Field Conditions? |
| title_full_unstemmed | How Is Bovine Genital Leptospirosis Diagnosed Under Field Conditions? |
| title_short | How Is Bovine Genital Leptospirosis Diagnosed Under Field Conditions? |
| title_sort | how is bovine genital leptospirosis diagnosed under field conditions |
| topic | bovine leptospirosis diagnosis microscopic agglutination testing PCR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/3/443 |
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