Antibacterial MXenes: An emerging non-antibiotic paradigm for surface engineering of orthopedic and dental implants

The colonization of planktonic bacteria onto implant surfaces is a serious concern in the medical field due to increasing infection-related mortality and fiscal difficulties worldwide. Various static, dynamic, and active coating techniques were established to tackle implant-associated infections (IA...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sathishkumar Gnanasekar, Xiaodong He, Bruna E. Nagay, Kun Xu, Xi Rao, Shun Duan, Selvakumar Murugesan, Valentim A.R. Barão, En-Tang Kang, Liqun Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2025-09-01
Series:Bioactive Materials
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X25001884
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850026804730920960
author Sathishkumar Gnanasekar
Xiaodong He
Bruna E. Nagay
Kun Xu
Xi Rao
Shun Duan
Selvakumar Murugesan
Valentim A.R. Barão
En-Tang Kang
Liqun Xu
author_facet Sathishkumar Gnanasekar
Xiaodong He
Bruna E. Nagay
Kun Xu
Xi Rao
Shun Duan
Selvakumar Murugesan
Valentim A.R. Barão
En-Tang Kang
Liqun Xu
author_sort Sathishkumar Gnanasekar
collection DOAJ
description The colonization of planktonic bacteria onto implant surfaces is a serious concern in the medical field due to increasing infection-related mortality and fiscal difficulties worldwide. Various static, dynamic, and active coating techniques were established to tackle implant-associated infections (IAIs). However, the existing implant coating methods often confront issues with poor universality for different substrates, adaptability, stability, and the emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR). The miraculous two-dimensional (2D) MXenes with outstanding multimodal bactericidal effects have been spotted as promising non-antibiotic implant surface coating additives for superior antibiofilm and osseointegration properties. This review systematically assesses the recent progress of antibacterial MXenes and their revolutionary usage to prevent peri-implantitis. We specifically sought to disclose the various forms of MXenes, such as composites, heterojunctions (HJs), and functional biomaterials used in combatting MDR and non-MDR bacterial pathogens by adopting therapeutic ventures such as photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). In addition, we outlined the extension of MXene antibacterial systems for orthopedic and dental implant surface engineering to improve their longevity and safety. A thorough understanding of antibacterial MXenes synthesis, surface modification strategies, and biocompatible functional properties was deliberated to facilitate the construction of innovative coatings. Lastly, some viewpoints on the current limitations and key considerations for the future concept design of MXenes-coated implants were contemplated constructively to promote clinical outcomes.
format Article
id doaj-art-8374c89bb7bc4c1d96fbb70a2c7ec72e
institution DOAJ
issn 2452-199X
language English
publishDate 2025-09-01
publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
record_format Article
series Bioactive Materials
spelling doaj-art-8374c89bb7bc4c1d96fbb70a2c7ec72e2025-08-20T03:00:25ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Bioactive Materials2452-199X2025-09-015115017610.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.05.002Antibacterial MXenes: An emerging non-antibiotic paradigm for surface engineering of orthopedic and dental implantsSathishkumar Gnanasekar0Xiaodong He1Bruna E. Nagay2Kun Xu3Xi Rao4Shun Duan5Selvakumar Murugesan6Valentim A.R. Barão7En-Tang Kang8Liqun Xu9BRICS Joint Laboratory on Biomedical Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR ChinaBRICS Joint Laboratory on Biomedical Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR ChinaDepartment of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13414-903, BrazilBRICS Joint Laboratory on Biomedical Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Corresponding author.BRICS Joint Laboratory on Biomedical Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR ChinaBeijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR ChinaFunctional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575025, India; Corresponding author.Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13414-903, Brazil; Corresponding author.BRICS Joint Laboratory on Biomedical Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 117576, SingaporeBRICS Joint Laboratory on Biomedical Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Corresponding author.The colonization of planktonic bacteria onto implant surfaces is a serious concern in the medical field due to increasing infection-related mortality and fiscal difficulties worldwide. Various static, dynamic, and active coating techniques were established to tackle implant-associated infections (IAIs). However, the existing implant coating methods often confront issues with poor universality for different substrates, adaptability, stability, and the emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR). The miraculous two-dimensional (2D) MXenes with outstanding multimodal bactericidal effects have been spotted as promising non-antibiotic implant surface coating additives for superior antibiofilm and osseointegration properties. This review systematically assesses the recent progress of antibacterial MXenes and their revolutionary usage to prevent peri-implantitis. We specifically sought to disclose the various forms of MXenes, such as composites, heterojunctions (HJs), and functional biomaterials used in combatting MDR and non-MDR bacterial pathogens by adopting therapeutic ventures such as photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). In addition, we outlined the extension of MXene antibacterial systems for orthopedic and dental implant surface engineering to improve their longevity and safety. A thorough understanding of antibacterial MXenes synthesis, surface modification strategies, and biocompatible functional properties was deliberated to facilitate the construction of innovative coatings. Lastly, some viewpoints on the current limitations and key considerations for the future concept design of MXenes-coated implants were contemplated constructively to promote clinical outcomes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X25001884MXenesCoatingsAntibacterialPeri-implantitisSurface modificationOsseointegration
spellingShingle Sathishkumar Gnanasekar
Xiaodong He
Bruna E. Nagay
Kun Xu
Xi Rao
Shun Duan
Selvakumar Murugesan
Valentim A.R. Barão
En-Tang Kang
Liqun Xu
Antibacterial MXenes: An emerging non-antibiotic paradigm for surface engineering of orthopedic and dental implants
Bioactive Materials
MXenes
Coatings
Antibacterial
Peri-implantitis
Surface modification
Osseointegration
title Antibacterial MXenes: An emerging non-antibiotic paradigm for surface engineering of orthopedic and dental implants
title_full Antibacterial MXenes: An emerging non-antibiotic paradigm for surface engineering of orthopedic and dental implants
title_fullStr Antibacterial MXenes: An emerging non-antibiotic paradigm for surface engineering of orthopedic and dental implants
title_full_unstemmed Antibacterial MXenes: An emerging non-antibiotic paradigm for surface engineering of orthopedic and dental implants
title_short Antibacterial MXenes: An emerging non-antibiotic paradigm for surface engineering of orthopedic and dental implants
title_sort antibacterial mxenes an emerging non antibiotic paradigm for surface engineering of orthopedic and dental implants
topic MXenes
Coatings
Antibacterial
Peri-implantitis
Surface modification
Osseointegration
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X25001884
work_keys_str_mv AT sathishkumargnanasekar antibacterialmxenesanemergingnonantibioticparadigmforsurfaceengineeringoforthopedicanddentalimplants
AT xiaodonghe antibacterialmxenesanemergingnonantibioticparadigmforsurfaceengineeringoforthopedicanddentalimplants
AT brunaenagay antibacterialmxenesanemergingnonantibioticparadigmforsurfaceengineeringoforthopedicanddentalimplants
AT kunxu antibacterialmxenesanemergingnonantibioticparadigmforsurfaceengineeringoforthopedicanddentalimplants
AT xirao antibacterialmxenesanemergingnonantibioticparadigmforsurfaceengineeringoforthopedicanddentalimplants
AT shunduan antibacterialmxenesanemergingnonantibioticparadigmforsurfaceengineeringoforthopedicanddentalimplants
AT selvakumarmurugesan antibacterialmxenesanemergingnonantibioticparadigmforsurfaceengineeringoforthopedicanddentalimplants
AT valentimarbarao antibacterialmxenesanemergingnonantibioticparadigmforsurfaceengineeringoforthopedicanddentalimplants
AT entangkang antibacterialmxenesanemergingnonantibioticparadigmforsurfaceengineeringoforthopedicanddentalimplants
AT liqunxu antibacterialmxenesanemergingnonantibioticparadigmforsurfaceengineeringoforthopedicanddentalimplants