Advanced Non-Unit Protection Strategy for MMC-HVDC Grids Leveraging Two-Dimensional High-Frequency Characteristics via HHT and SVM
The rapid development of direct current (DC) grids poses significant challenges to the speed, reliability, and selectivity of fault protection systems. These systems are required to identify and distinguish between internal and external faults despite the constraints of limited information and time....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3096 |
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| _version_ | 1849433080025055232 |
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| author | Chenglin Ren Yige Hu Xiang Lu Yue Chen Kepeng Xia Hailin Li |
| author_facet | Chenglin Ren Yige Hu Xiang Lu Yue Chen Kepeng Xia Hailin Li |
| author_sort | Chenglin Ren |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The rapid development of direct current (DC) grids poses significant challenges to the speed, reliability, and selectivity of fault protection systems. These systems are required to identify and distinguish between internal and external faults despite the constraints of limited information and time. This study introduces a non-unit protection scheme based on the classification of two-dimensional feature parameters utilizing the Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) and a support vector machine (SVM). Through time–frequency analysis of the voltage waveform following DC faults, critical information within the high-frequency component of the fault voltage, specifically, the instantaneous frequency and amplitude of the wavefront, is extracted to distinguish internal from external faults. Two-dimensional feature parameters are associated with signal attenuation and distortion during fault propagation via the transmission path, thereby providing a foundation for precise fault identification. The employment of an SVM ensures the selectivity of this scheme without relying on protection settings. The efficacy of the scheme is validated through simulations conducted using PSCAD/EMTDC across various fault scenarios. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8366092bcbac453b897ed82af7fab2eb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-8366092bcbac453b897ed82af7fab2eb2025-08-20T03:27:10ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-06-011812309610.3390/en18123096Advanced Non-Unit Protection Strategy for MMC-HVDC Grids Leveraging Two-Dimensional High-Frequency Characteristics via HHT and SVMChenglin Ren0Yige Hu1Xiang Lu2Yue Chen3Kepeng Xia4Hailin Li5China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd., Ultra High Voltage Transmission Company, Guangzhou 510700, ChinaSchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaChina Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd., Ultra High Voltage Transmission Company, Guangzhou 510700, ChinaChina Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd., Ultra High Voltage Transmission Company, Guangzhou 510700, ChinaXJ Electric Co., Ltd., Xuchang 461000, ChinaCollege of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, ChinaThe rapid development of direct current (DC) grids poses significant challenges to the speed, reliability, and selectivity of fault protection systems. These systems are required to identify and distinguish between internal and external faults despite the constraints of limited information and time. This study introduces a non-unit protection scheme based on the classification of two-dimensional feature parameters utilizing the Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) and a support vector machine (SVM). Through time–frequency analysis of the voltage waveform following DC faults, critical information within the high-frequency component of the fault voltage, specifically, the instantaneous frequency and amplitude of the wavefront, is extracted to distinguish internal from external faults. Two-dimensional feature parameters are associated with signal attenuation and distortion during fault propagation via the transmission path, thereby providing a foundation for precise fault identification. The employment of an SVM ensures the selectivity of this scheme without relying on protection settings. The efficacy of the scheme is validated through simulations conducted using PSCAD/EMTDC across various fault scenarios.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3096non-unit protection schemetime–frequency analysisfault detectionHilbert–Huang transformsupport vector machine |
| spellingShingle | Chenglin Ren Yige Hu Xiang Lu Yue Chen Kepeng Xia Hailin Li Advanced Non-Unit Protection Strategy for MMC-HVDC Grids Leveraging Two-Dimensional High-Frequency Characteristics via HHT and SVM Energies non-unit protection scheme time–frequency analysis fault detection Hilbert–Huang transform support vector machine |
| title | Advanced Non-Unit Protection Strategy for MMC-HVDC Grids Leveraging Two-Dimensional High-Frequency Characteristics via HHT and SVM |
| title_full | Advanced Non-Unit Protection Strategy for MMC-HVDC Grids Leveraging Two-Dimensional High-Frequency Characteristics via HHT and SVM |
| title_fullStr | Advanced Non-Unit Protection Strategy for MMC-HVDC Grids Leveraging Two-Dimensional High-Frequency Characteristics via HHT and SVM |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advanced Non-Unit Protection Strategy for MMC-HVDC Grids Leveraging Two-Dimensional High-Frequency Characteristics via HHT and SVM |
| title_short | Advanced Non-Unit Protection Strategy for MMC-HVDC Grids Leveraging Two-Dimensional High-Frequency Characteristics via HHT and SVM |
| title_sort | advanced non unit protection strategy for mmc hvdc grids leveraging two dimensional high frequency characteristics via hht and svm |
| topic | non-unit protection scheme time–frequency analysis fault detection Hilbert–Huang transform support vector machine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3096 |
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