Magnitude and trends of tuberculosis in Dodoma Region, Tanzania, 2018-2021
Introduction: The majority of tuberculosis infections and fatalities occur in Sub-Saharan Africa. Globally, it affects 9 million people and kills 1 million people each year. Tanzania's 32% reduction in TB incidence and 52% reduction in TB deaths from 2015 to 2021 place it among the few high-bur...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
African Field Epidemiology Network
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/7/43/full/ |
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| Summary: | Introduction: The majority of tuberculosis infections and fatalities occur in Sub-Saharan Africa. Globally, it affects 9 million people and kills 1 million people each year. Tanzania's 32% reduction in TB incidence and 52% reduction in TB deaths from 2015 to 2021 place it among the few high-burden countries to surpass the End TB strategy milestones. Treatment availability, access to and use of healthcare facilities, delays in diagnosis, and in seeking treatment all influence how frequently tuberculosis cases are reported. This study investigated the trends and magnitude of tuberculosis in Dodoma Region, Tanzania from January 2018 to December 2021.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted which involved a descriptive data analysis from 2018 to 2021 in Dodoma Region, Tanzania. The Electronic Tuberculosis and Leprosy System (ETL) was used to extract and evaluate the National TB and Leprosy Program (NTLP) database's tuberculosis surveillance data from 2018 to 2021. Trend and magnitude analysis for tuberculosis were performed using a Microsoft Excel worksheet and STATA software. We used frequencies and proportions to represent the results after analysis. P values ὄ0.05 were considered significant.
Results: A total of 17,549 tuberculosis (TB) patients were reviewed and included in the analysis, of which 57.6% were male, 26.4% had extra pulmonary TB (EPTB), 98.7% were new cases, and 14.8% were HIV positive. In 2020, there were 192 prevalence rates of all forms of TB per 100,000 population, but the prevalence had not decreased significantly by 2021 (P= 0.170). Similarly, the new cases detection rate for all forms of tuberculosis was 190 per 100,000 population in 2020, although the proportion had not declined considerably by 2021 (P=0.176). Over the investigated periods, the magnitude of TB has generally reduced. The Pulmonary TB percentage is high.
Conclusion: In the Dodoma Region, there was no significant change in the prevalence and case detection rate of tuberculosis. The frequency of pulmonary TB was high. The present study's treatment success rate was lower than the NTLP target. We recommend increasing the bacteriological diagnosis to contain PTB patients and further study to identify the causes of the low treatment success rate. |
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| ISSN: | 2664-2824 |