Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded Au nanodots: a self-amplifying immunotherapeutic depot for photothermal immunotherapy
IntroductionPhotothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a highly promising approach for cancer treatment due to its advantages of localized treatment, controllable irradiation, and non-invasive nature. This study presents a multifunctional platform for tumor PTT based on Au nanoparticles-decorated mes...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1616539/full |
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| author | Chuan Wang Dongmei Wang Liang Huang Qi An |
| author_facet | Chuan Wang Dongmei Wang Liang Huang Qi An |
| author_sort | Chuan Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionPhotothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a highly promising approach for cancer treatment due to its advantages of localized treatment, controllable irradiation, and non-invasive nature. This study presents a multifunctional platform for tumor PTT based on Au nanoparticles-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN@Au), aiming to synergize photothermal ablation with immune modulation.MethodsMSN@Au nanoparticles were engineered as the PTT agent. Photothermal efficiency was evaluated under 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. Anti-tumor efficacy was systematically assessed both in vitro (tumor cell cultures) and in vivo (tumor-bearing animal models). Immune responses were analyzed by examining immunogenic cell death (ICD) induction, dendritic cell maturation, and cytotoxic T cell activation/infiltration within the tumor microenvironment (TME).ResultsMSN@Au demonstrated exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency under NIR irradiation, leading to significant tumor cell inhibition in both in vitro and in vivo. Mild PTT mediated by MSN@Au not only caused direct tumor cell damage but also triggered ICD. This promoted dendritic cell maturation and enhanced activation/infiltration of cytotoxic T cells within the TME, thereby amplifying anti-tumor immunity.DiscussionThis study underscores that the strategic design of MSN@Au as a PTT agent successfully induces ICD while modulating the immunosuppressive TME, significantly amplifying therapeutic efficacy. The integration of efficient photothermal ablation with immune activation opens new avenues for developing next-generation nanoplatforms that synergize PTT with immune modulation, offering a promising strategy for treating solid tumors. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-831a40a9f71f4922928f54d5c3f8bcf0 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-831a40a9f71f4922928f54d5c3f8bcf02025-08-20T02:35:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-06-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.16165391616539Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded Au nanodots: a self-amplifying immunotherapeutic depot for photothermal immunotherapyChuan WangDongmei WangLiang HuangQi AnIntroductionPhotothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a highly promising approach for cancer treatment due to its advantages of localized treatment, controllable irradiation, and non-invasive nature. This study presents a multifunctional platform for tumor PTT based on Au nanoparticles-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN@Au), aiming to synergize photothermal ablation with immune modulation.MethodsMSN@Au nanoparticles were engineered as the PTT agent. Photothermal efficiency was evaluated under 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. Anti-tumor efficacy was systematically assessed both in vitro (tumor cell cultures) and in vivo (tumor-bearing animal models). Immune responses were analyzed by examining immunogenic cell death (ICD) induction, dendritic cell maturation, and cytotoxic T cell activation/infiltration within the tumor microenvironment (TME).ResultsMSN@Au demonstrated exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency under NIR irradiation, leading to significant tumor cell inhibition in both in vitro and in vivo. Mild PTT mediated by MSN@Au not only caused direct tumor cell damage but also triggered ICD. This promoted dendritic cell maturation and enhanced activation/infiltration of cytotoxic T cells within the TME, thereby amplifying anti-tumor immunity.DiscussionThis study underscores that the strategic design of MSN@Au as a PTT agent successfully induces ICD while modulating the immunosuppressive TME, significantly amplifying therapeutic efficacy. The integration of efficient photothermal ablation with immune activation opens new avenues for developing next-generation nanoplatforms that synergize PTT with immune modulation, offering a promising strategy for treating solid tumors.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1616539/fullAu nanodotsmesoporous silica nanoparticlesphotothermal immunotherapyimmunogenic cell deathT-cell infiltration |
| spellingShingle | Chuan Wang Dongmei Wang Liang Huang Qi An Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded Au nanodots: a self-amplifying immunotherapeutic depot for photothermal immunotherapy Frontiers in Immunology Au nanodots mesoporous silica nanoparticles photothermal immunotherapy immunogenic cell death T-cell infiltration |
| title | Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded Au nanodots: a self-amplifying immunotherapeutic depot for photothermal immunotherapy |
| title_full | Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded Au nanodots: a self-amplifying immunotherapeutic depot for photothermal immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded Au nanodots: a self-amplifying immunotherapeutic depot for photothermal immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded Au nanodots: a self-amplifying immunotherapeutic depot for photothermal immunotherapy |
| title_short | Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded Au nanodots: a self-amplifying immunotherapeutic depot for photothermal immunotherapy |
| title_sort | mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded au nanodots a self amplifying immunotherapeutic depot for photothermal immunotherapy |
| topic | Au nanodots mesoporous silica nanoparticles photothermal immunotherapy immunogenic cell death T-cell infiltration |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1616539/full |
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