Assessment of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate to mitigate frost stress in autumn-sown potato crop cv. Sutlej
Abstract Potato is cultivated all the year round in Pakistan. However, the major crop is the autumn crop which is planted in mid-October and contributes 80–85% of the total production. The abrupt climate change has affected the weather patterns all over the world, resulting in the reduction of the m...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85769-7 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832594775396581376 |
|---|---|
| author | Muhammad Wasim Haider Syed Mohsin Abbas Tanveer Hussain Muhammad Tahir Akram Umar Farooq Mona S. Alwahibi Mohamed S. Elshikh Zaid Shakeel Muhammad Nafees Muhammad Rizwan Rashid Iqbal |
| author_facet | Muhammad Wasim Haider Syed Mohsin Abbas Tanveer Hussain Muhammad Tahir Akram Umar Farooq Mona S. Alwahibi Mohamed S. Elshikh Zaid Shakeel Muhammad Nafees Muhammad Rizwan Rashid Iqbal |
| author_sort | Muhammad Wasim Haider |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Potato is cultivated all the year round in Pakistan. However, the major crop is the autumn crop which is planted in mid-October and contributes 80–85% of the total production. The abrupt climate change has affected the weather patterns all over the world, resulting in the reduction of the mean air temperature in autumn by almost 1.6 °C in Pakistan, which in turn, has adversely affected the crop performance and tuber yield. This trial, therefore, was conducted to optimize and evaluate the concentration of salicylic acid (SA) and potassium nitrate (KNO3) for inducing frost stress tolerance in an autumn-sown potato crop cv. Sutlej. The findings revealed that the foliar application of 0.5 mM SA significantly enhanced the growth, yield, fluorescent, and biochemical indices of potato plants outperforming 100 mM KNO₃ application in comparison with the control. This included increased plant height by 14% and 17.6%, leaf area index by 6.3% and 26.3%, shoot biomass by 15.4% and 46.2%, crop growth rate by 16.7% and 43.3%, average tuber weight by 8.2% and 23%, tuber diameter by 6.8% and 12.2%, tuber yield by 26.1% and 46.3%, leaf angle by 16.2% and 21.6%, quantum yield of photosystem II by 20.6% and 28.2%, photosynthetically active radiations by 20.5% and 32.4%, chlorophyll content by 6.3% and 14.6%, leaf thickness by 14% and 29%, linear electron flow by 20% and 32.7%, O–2 by 6% and 14.4%, H2O2 by 11.7% and 27.6%, enzyme activities of catalase by 20.7% and 28.5%, superoxide dismutase by 28.6% and 28.5%, peroxidase by 8.3% and 13.5%, ascorbate peroxidase by 17.2% and 37.8%, total protein by 21% and 37%, proline by 36.2% and 114%, and phenolic content by 33% and 63.3% with a reduction in non-photochemical quenching by 12.7% and 29.6%, non-regulatory energy dissipation by 169.5% and 268.5%, and leaf electrolyte leakage by 57.5% and 180%, compared to KNO3 and the control, respectively. Based on the above findings, it can be concluded and recommended that 0.5 mM foliar spray of SA can be utilized on potato crop cv. Sutlej in frost-sensitive regions. However, the application rate of KNO3 needs to be optimized in order to use its maximal frost stress tolerance potential. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-830211fc8dbc456eaa25b20a973a8045 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-830211fc8dbc456eaa25b20a973a80452025-01-19T12:21:53ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111310.1038/s41598-025-85769-7Assessment of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate to mitigate frost stress in autumn-sown potato crop cv. SutlejMuhammad Wasim Haider0Syed Mohsin Abbas1Tanveer Hussain2Muhammad Tahir Akram3Umar Farooq4Mona S. Alwahibi5Mohamed S. Elshikh6Zaid Shakeel7Muhammad Nafees8Muhammad Rizwan9Rashid Iqbal10Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of BahawalpurDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab LahoreDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of BahawalpurDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of BahawalpurDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of BahawalpurInstitute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of BonnDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of BahawalpurAbstract Potato is cultivated all the year round in Pakistan. However, the major crop is the autumn crop which is planted in mid-October and contributes 80–85% of the total production. The abrupt climate change has affected the weather patterns all over the world, resulting in the reduction of the mean air temperature in autumn by almost 1.6 °C in Pakistan, which in turn, has adversely affected the crop performance and tuber yield. This trial, therefore, was conducted to optimize and evaluate the concentration of salicylic acid (SA) and potassium nitrate (KNO3) for inducing frost stress tolerance in an autumn-sown potato crop cv. Sutlej. The findings revealed that the foliar application of 0.5 mM SA significantly enhanced the growth, yield, fluorescent, and biochemical indices of potato plants outperforming 100 mM KNO₃ application in comparison with the control. This included increased plant height by 14% and 17.6%, leaf area index by 6.3% and 26.3%, shoot biomass by 15.4% and 46.2%, crop growth rate by 16.7% and 43.3%, average tuber weight by 8.2% and 23%, tuber diameter by 6.8% and 12.2%, tuber yield by 26.1% and 46.3%, leaf angle by 16.2% and 21.6%, quantum yield of photosystem II by 20.6% and 28.2%, photosynthetically active radiations by 20.5% and 32.4%, chlorophyll content by 6.3% and 14.6%, leaf thickness by 14% and 29%, linear electron flow by 20% and 32.7%, O–2 by 6% and 14.4%, H2O2 by 11.7% and 27.6%, enzyme activities of catalase by 20.7% and 28.5%, superoxide dismutase by 28.6% and 28.5%, peroxidase by 8.3% and 13.5%, ascorbate peroxidase by 17.2% and 37.8%, total protein by 21% and 37%, proline by 36.2% and 114%, and phenolic content by 33% and 63.3% with a reduction in non-photochemical quenching by 12.7% and 29.6%, non-regulatory energy dissipation by 169.5% and 268.5%, and leaf electrolyte leakage by 57.5% and 180%, compared to KNO3 and the control, respectively. Based on the above findings, it can be concluded and recommended that 0.5 mM foliar spray of SA can be utilized on potato crop cv. Sutlej in frost-sensitive regions. However, the application rate of KNO3 needs to be optimized in order to use its maximal frost stress tolerance potential.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85769-7Antioxidative enzymesFluorescence-related metricsFrost stress mitigatorPotassium nitrateProlineReactive oxygen species |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Wasim Haider Syed Mohsin Abbas Tanveer Hussain Muhammad Tahir Akram Umar Farooq Mona S. Alwahibi Mohamed S. Elshikh Zaid Shakeel Muhammad Nafees Muhammad Rizwan Rashid Iqbal Assessment of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate to mitigate frost stress in autumn-sown potato crop cv. Sutlej Scientific Reports Antioxidative enzymes Fluorescence-related metrics Frost stress mitigator Potassium nitrate Proline Reactive oxygen species |
| title | Assessment of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate to mitigate frost stress in autumn-sown potato crop cv. Sutlej |
| title_full | Assessment of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate to mitigate frost stress in autumn-sown potato crop cv. Sutlej |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate to mitigate frost stress in autumn-sown potato crop cv. Sutlej |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate to mitigate frost stress in autumn-sown potato crop cv. Sutlej |
| title_short | Assessment of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate to mitigate frost stress in autumn-sown potato crop cv. Sutlej |
| title_sort | assessment of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate to mitigate frost stress in autumn sown potato crop cv sutlej |
| topic | Antioxidative enzymes Fluorescence-related metrics Frost stress mitigator Potassium nitrate Proline Reactive oxygen species |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85769-7 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT muhammadwasimhaider assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej AT syedmohsinabbas assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej AT tanveerhussain assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej AT muhammadtahirakram assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej AT umarfarooq assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej AT monasalwahibi assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej AT mohamedselshikh assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej AT zaidshakeel assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej AT muhammadnafees assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej AT muhammadrizwan assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej AT rashidiqbal assessmentofsalicylicacidandpotassiumnitratetomitigatefroststressinautumnsownpotatocropcvsutlej |