Seroprevalence of Antibodies to <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Cattle from Delta Region of Egypt: Correlation of Seropositivity with Abortion History
Bovine brucellosis and neosporosis are reported as potential abortifacient infections in cattle worldwide. Brucellosis is additionally a zoonotic bacterial infection caused by numerous <i>Brucella</i> species. Meanwhile, neosporosis is a protozoan parasitic disease that is implicated in...
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2024-10-01
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| author | Ragab M. Fereig Amira M. Mazeed Azzah S. Alharbi Mona Z. Abdelraheem Mosaab A. Omar Abdulaziz M. Almuzaini Mohamed El-Diasty Hend I. Elsharkawy Kamel Sobhy Caroline F. Frey Gamal Wareth |
| author_facet | Ragab M. Fereig Amira M. Mazeed Azzah S. Alharbi Mona Z. Abdelraheem Mosaab A. Omar Abdulaziz M. Almuzaini Mohamed El-Diasty Hend I. Elsharkawy Kamel Sobhy Caroline F. Frey Gamal Wareth |
| author_sort | Ragab M. Fereig |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bovine brucellosis and neosporosis are reported as potential abortifacient infections in cattle worldwide. Brucellosis is additionally a zoonotic bacterial infection caused by numerous <i>Brucella</i> species. Meanwhile, neosporosis is a protozoan parasitic disease that is implicated in causing high economic losses in the cattle industry. Herein, we attempted to investigate the seroprevalence of specific antibodies to <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>Neospora caninum</i> using commercially available ELISAs. In addition, we conducted risk factor analysis and estimated the correlation of seropositivity of both pathogens with the recorded abortions in the tested herds. Serum samples from cattle (n = 460) collected from various governorates in the Delta region, northern Egypt, were targeted in this study. Overall, a seroprevalence of 5.4%, 33.3%, and 1.3% was revealed for <i>Brucella</i> spp., <i>N. caninum</i>, and mixed seropositivity, respectively. The location (Kafr El Sheikh vs. Dakahlia vs. Al-Qalyubiya vs. Damietta governorates) and a history of abortion (yes vs. no vs. unknown) were analyzed as risk factors of infection. Kafr El Sheikh governorate (57.7%, <i>p</i> = < 0.0001) and a history of abortion (54.1%, <i>p</i> = < 0.0001) were considered risk factors for <i>Brucella</i> spp. seropositivity compared to the reference factors Al-Qalyubiya (1.1%) and unknown abortion history (0.6%). In the case of <i>N. caninum</i>, the location was also considered a risk factor because the seropositive rates were significantly higher in Damietta (51%, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and Dakahlia (33.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.026) compared to Kafr El Sheikh (11.3%, set as a reference). Conversely to <i>Brucella</i>, animals without a history of abortion exhibited a higher seropositive rate for <i>N. caninum</i> (47.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.009) compared to those with a history of abortion (21.6%, set as reference). For further investigations into the association between abortion and the obtained seropositive rates, we also analyzed the reactivity by comparing samples of animals with, without, and unknown history of abortion. We detected high seroreactivity for <i>Brucella</i> spp. in samples collected from animals with a history of abortion, as demonstrated in the recorded antibody levels and correlation coefficient (Pearson r = 0.919). Based on our data, despite the higher seroprevalence of <i>N. caninum</i> compared to that of <i>Brucella</i> species, <i>Brucella</i> spp. might be the primary cause of abortion in our tested cattle population. |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
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| series | Immuno |
| spelling | doaj-art-82df034e96db40e7a1697af0b6d896a32025-08-20T02:00:42ZengMDPI AGImmuno2673-56012024-10-014437438410.3390/immuno4040024Seroprevalence of Antibodies to <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Cattle from Delta Region of Egypt: Correlation of Seropositivity with Abortion HistoryRagab M. Fereig0Amira M. Mazeed1Azzah S. Alharbi2Mona Z. Abdelraheem3Mosaab A. Omar4Abdulaziz M. Almuzaini5Mohamed El-Diasty6Hend I. Elsharkawy7Kamel Sobhy8Caroline F. Frey9Gamal Wareth10Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, EgyptDepartment of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Arish University, Arish 45516, EgyptDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaThe National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Aswan 81521, EgyptDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaAgricultural Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute-Mansoura Provincial Lab (AHRI-Mansoura), P.O. Box 264-Giza, Cairo 12618, EgyptAgricultural Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute-Mansoura Provincial Lab (AHRI-Mansoura), P.O. Box 264-Giza, Cairo 12618, EgyptDepartment of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, EgyptInstitute of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, SwitzerlandFriedrich-Loeffler Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonosis, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, GermanyBovine brucellosis and neosporosis are reported as potential abortifacient infections in cattle worldwide. Brucellosis is additionally a zoonotic bacterial infection caused by numerous <i>Brucella</i> species. Meanwhile, neosporosis is a protozoan parasitic disease that is implicated in causing high economic losses in the cattle industry. Herein, we attempted to investigate the seroprevalence of specific antibodies to <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>Neospora caninum</i> using commercially available ELISAs. In addition, we conducted risk factor analysis and estimated the correlation of seropositivity of both pathogens with the recorded abortions in the tested herds. Serum samples from cattle (n = 460) collected from various governorates in the Delta region, northern Egypt, were targeted in this study. Overall, a seroprevalence of 5.4%, 33.3%, and 1.3% was revealed for <i>Brucella</i> spp., <i>N. caninum</i>, and mixed seropositivity, respectively. The location (Kafr El Sheikh vs. Dakahlia vs. Al-Qalyubiya vs. Damietta governorates) and a history of abortion (yes vs. no vs. unknown) were analyzed as risk factors of infection. Kafr El Sheikh governorate (57.7%, <i>p</i> = < 0.0001) and a history of abortion (54.1%, <i>p</i> = < 0.0001) were considered risk factors for <i>Brucella</i> spp. seropositivity compared to the reference factors Al-Qalyubiya (1.1%) and unknown abortion history (0.6%). In the case of <i>N. caninum</i>, the location was also considered a risk factor because the seropositive rates were significantly higher in Damietta (51%, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and Dakahlia (33.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.026) compared to Kafr El Sheikh (11.3%, set as a reference). Conversely to <i>Brucella</i>, animals without a history of abortion exhibited a higher seropositive rate for <i>N. caninum</i> (47.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.009) compared to those with a history of abortion (21.6%, set as reference). For further investigations into the association between abortion and the obtained seropositive rates, we also analyzed the reactivity by comparing samples of animals with, without, and unknown history of abortion. We detected high seroreactivity for <i>Brucella</i> spp. in samples collected from animals with a history of abortion, as demonstrated in the recorded antibody levels and correlation coefficient (Pearson r = 0.919). Based on our data, despite the higher seroprevalence of <i>N. caninum</i> compared to that of <i>Brucella</i> species, <i>Brucella</i> spp. might be the primary cause of abortion in our tested cattle population.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-5601/4/4/24<i>Brucella</i><i>Neospora caninum</i>cattleEgyptseroprevalencerisk factors |
| spellingShingle | Ragab M. Fereig Amira M. Mazeed Azzah S. Alharbi Mona Z. Abdelraheem Mosaab A. Omar Abdulaziz M. Almuzaini Mohamed El-Diasty Hend I. Elsharkawy Kamel Sobhy Caroline F. Frey Gamal Wareth Seroprevalence of Antibodies to <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Cattle from Delta Region of Egypt: Correlation of Seropositivity with Abortion History Immuno <i>Brucella</i> <i>Neospora caninum</i> cattle Egypt seroprevalence risk factors |
| title | Seroprevalence of Antibodies to <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Cattle from Delta Region of Egypt: Correlation of Seropositivity with Abortion History |
| title_full | Seroprevalence of Antibodies to <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Cattle from Delta Region of Egypt: Correlation of Seropositivity with Abortion History |
| title_fullStr | Seroprevalence of Antibodies to <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Cattle from Delta Region of Egypt: Correlation of Seropositivity with Abortion History |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seroprevalence of Antibodies to <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Cattle from Delta Region of Egypt: Correlation of Seropositivity with Abortion History |
| title_short | Seroprevalence of Antibodies to <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Cattle from Delta Region of Egypt: Correlation of Seropositivity with Abortion History |
| title_sort | seroprevalence of antibodies to i brucella i spp and i neospora caninum i in cattle from delta region of egypt correlation of seropositivity with abortion history |
| topic | <i>Brucella</i> <i>Neospora caninum</i> cattle Egypt seroprevalence risk factors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-5601/4/4/24 |
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