Salvadora persica leaves: phytochemical profile and in vitro-inhibitory activity on inflammatory mediators implicated in periodontal disease
Context Virtually all parts of Salvadora persica L. (Salvadoraceae) are used in traditional medicine. The twigs and leaves are used for oral health, but leaves are far less investigated.Objective This study assesses the oral health-promoting potential of S. persica leaves with emphasis on anti-infla...
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Taylor & Francis Group
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutical Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2024.2374801 |
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| author | Sabine Kobetitsch Barbara Gierlikowska Olaf Kunert Ahmed M.A. Mazen Pia Raab Nadine Kretschmer Carina Donolo Teresa Pirker Rudolf Bauer Anna K. Kiss Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig |
| author_facet | Sabine Kobetitsch Barbara Gierlikowska Olaf Kunert Ahmed M.A. Mazen Pia Raab Nadine Kretschmer Carina Donolo Teresa Pirker Rudolf Bauer Anna K. Kiss Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig |
| author_sort | Sabine Kobetitsch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Context Virtually all parts of Salvadora persica L. (Salvadoraceae) are used in traditional medicine. The twigs and leaves are used for oral health, but leaves are far less investigated.Objective This study assesses the oral health-promoting potential of S. persica leaves with emphasis on anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects and provides an in depth-characterization of their metabolite profile.Materials and methods Hot-water and methanolic S. persica leaf extracts (1, 10, and 100 µg/mL) and their major constituents (5, 10, and 50 µM), were subjected to cellular assays on IL-8 and TNFα release in LPS-stimulated human neutrophils, NO-release in LPS/IFNγ stimulated mouse macrophages, and proliferation of HNO97 human tongue carcinoma cells. Metabolite profiling was performed by UHPLC-HRMS analysis. Major constituents were isolated and structurally elucidated.Results and discussion Both extracts showed pronounced anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated neutrophils. Major identified compound classes were flavonoid glycosides, the glucosinolate glucotropaeolin, phenyl- and benzylglycoside sulfates, and megastigmane glycosylsulfates, the latter ones identified for the first time in S. persica. Glucotropaeolin strongly inhibited the release of IL-8 and TNF-α (13.3 ± 2.0 and 22.7 ± 2.6% of the release of stimulated control cells at 50 µM), while some flavonoids and 3-(3′-O-sulfo-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-7,8-dihydro-β-ionone, a newly isolated megastigmane glycosylsulfate, were moderately active. Benzylisothiocyanate, which is likely formed from glucotropaeolin during traditional application of S. persica, showed considerable antiproliferative activity (IC50 in HNO97 cells: 10.19 ± 0.72 µM) besides strongly inhibiting IL-8 and TNFα release.Conclusions Glucotropaeolin and benzylisothiocyanate are likely implicated in the oral health-promoting effects of S. persica leaves. The chemistry and pharmacology of the newly identified megastigmane glycosylsulfates should be further evaluated. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-82dd109c7a7b4ad2a9ddd4a00e5b8080 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1388-0209 1744-5116 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
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| series | Pharmaceutical Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-82dd109c7a7b4ad2a9ddd4a00e5b80802025-08-20T02:30:35ZengTaylor & Francis GroupPharmaceutical Biology1388-02091744-51162024-12-0162156357610.1080/13880209.2024.2374801Salvadora persica leaves: phytochemical profile and in vitro-inhibitory activity on inflammatory mediators implicated in periodontal diseaseSabine Kobetitsch0Barbara Gierlikowska1Olaf Kunert2Ahmed M.A. Mazen3Pia Raab4Nadine Kretschmer5Carina Donolo6Teresa Pirker7Rudolf Bauer8Anna K. Kiss9Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig10Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaDepartment of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, EgyptInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaChair and Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Graz, AustriaContext Virtually all parts of Salvadora persica L. (Salvadoraceae) are used in traditional medicine. The twigs and leaves are used for oral health, but leaves are far less investigated.Objective This study assesses the oral health-promoting potential of S. persica leaves with emphasis on anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects and provides an in depth-characterization of their metabolite profile.Materials and methods Hot-water and methanolic S. persica leaf extracts (1, 10, and 100 µg/mL) and their major constituents (5, 10, and 50 µM), were subjected to cellular assays on IL-8 and TNFα release in LPS-stimulated human neutrophils, NO-release in LPS/IFNγ stimulated mouse macrophages, and proliferation of HNO97 human tongue carcinoma cells. Metabolite profiling was performed by UHPLC-HRMS analysis. Major constituents were isolated and structurally elucidated.Results and discussion Both extracts showed pronounced anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated neutrophils. Major identified compound classes were flavonoid glycosides, the glucosinolate glucotropaeolin, phenyl- and benzylglycoside sulfates, and megastigmane glycosylsulfates, the latter ones identified for the first time in S. persica. Glucotropaeolin strongly inhibited the release of IL-8 and TNF-α (13.3 ± 2.0 and 22.7 ± 2.6% of the release of stimulated control cells at 50 µM), while some flavonoids and 3-(3′-O-sulfo-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-7,8-dihydro-β-ionone, a newly isolated megastigmane glycosylsulfate, were moderately active. Benzylisothiocyanate, which is likely formed from glucotropaeolin during traditional application of S. persica, showed considerable antiproliferative activity (IC50 in HNO97 cells: 10.19 ± 0.72 µM) besides strongly inhibiting IL-8 and TNFα release.Conclusions Glucotropaeolin and benzylisothiocyanate are likely implicated in the oral health-promoting effects of S. persica leaves. The chemistry and pharmacology of the newly identified megastigmane glycosylsulfates should be further evaluated.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2024.2374801Toothbrush treeanti-inflammatoryantiproliferativeUHPLC-HRMS metabolite profilingmegastigmane |
| spellingShingle | Sabine Kobetitsch Barbara Gierlikowska Olaf Kunert Ahmed M.A. Mazen Pia Raab Nadine Kretschmer Carina Donolo Teresa Pirker Rudolf Bauer Anna K. Kiss Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig Salvadora persica leaves: phytochemical profile and in vitro-inhibitory activity on inflammatory mediators implicated in periodontal disease Pharmaceutical Biology Toothbrush tree anti-inflammatory antiproliferative UHPLC-HRMS metabolite profiling megastigmane |
| title | Salvadora persica leaves: phytochemical profile and in vitro-inhibitory activity on inflammatory mediators implicated in periodontal disease |
| title_full | Salvadora persica leaves: phytochemical profile and in vitro-inhibitory activity on inflammatory mediators implicated in periodontal disease |
| title_fullStr | Salvadora persica leaves: phytochemical profile and in vitro-inhibitory activity on inflammatory mediators implicated in periodontal disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salvadora persica leaves: phytochemical profile and in vitro-inhibitory activity on inflammatory mediators implicated in periodontal disease |
| title_short | Salvadora persica leaves: phytochemical profile and in vitro-inhibitory activity on inflammatory mediators implicated in periodontal disease |
| title_sort | salvadora persica leaves phytochemical profile and in vitro inhibitory activity on inflammatory mediators implicated in periodontal disease |
| topic | Toothbrush tree anti-inflammatory antiproliferative UHPLC-HRMS metabolite profiling megastigmane |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2024.2374801 |
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