Designed nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes.
Despite the availability of seasonal vaccines and antiviral medications, influenza virus continues to be a major health concern and pandemic threat due to the continually changing antigenic regions of the major surface glycoprotein, hemagglutinin (HA). One emerging strategy for the development of mo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-08-01
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| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1011514&type=printable |
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| author | Dustin M McCraw Mallory L Myers Neetu M Gulati Madhu Prabhakaran Joshua Brand Sarah Andrews John R Gallagher Samantha Maldonado-Puga Alexander J Kim Udana Torian Hubza Syeda Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum Masaru Kanekiyo Adrian B McDermott Audray K Harris |
| author_facet | Dustin M McCraw Mallory L Myers Neetu M Gulati Madhu Prabhakaran Joshua Brand Sarah Andrews John R Gallagher Samantha Maldonado-Puga Alexander J Kim Udana Torian Hubza Syeda Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum Masaru Kanekiyo Adrian B McDermott Audray K Harris |
| author_sort | Dustin M McCraw |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite the availability of seasonal vaccines and antiviral medications, influenza virus continues to be a major health concern and pandemic threat due to the continually changing antigenic regions of the major surface glycoprotein, hemagglutinin (HA). One emerging strategy for the development of more efficacious seasonal and universal influenza vaccines is structure-guided design of nanoparticles that display conserved regions of HA, such as the stem. Using the H1 HA subtype to establish proof of concept, we found that tandem copies of an alpha-helical fragment from the conserved stem region (helix-A) can be displayed on the protruding spikes structures of a capsid scaffold. The stem region of HA on these designed chimeric nanoparticles is immunogenic and the nanoparticles are biochemically robust in that heat exposure did not destroy the particles and immunogenicity was retained. Furthermore, mice vaccinated with H1-nanoparticles were protected from lethal challenge with H1N1 influenza virus. By using a nanoparticle library approach with this helix-A nanoparticle design, we show that this vaccine nanoparticle construct design could be applicable to different influenza HA subtypes. Importantly, antibodies elicited by H1, H5, and H7 nanoparticles demonstrated homosubtypic and heterosubtypic cross-reactivity binding to different HA subtypes. Also, helix-A nanoparticle immunizations were used to isolate mouse monoclonal antibodies that demonstrated heterosubtypic cross-reactivity and provided protection to mice from viral challenge via passive-transfer. This tandem helix-A nanoparticle construct represents a novel design to display several hundred copies of non-trimeric conserved HA stem epitopes on vaccine nanoparticles. This design concept provides a new approach to universal influenza vaccine development strategies and opens opportunities for the development of nanoparticles with broad coverage over many antigenically diverse influenza HA subtypes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-82d3481038c84757a30ef4e14fbf435c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-82d3481038c84757a30ef4e14fbf435c2025-08-20T03:25:46ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742023-08-01198e101151410.1371/journal.ppat.1011514Designed nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes.Dustin M McCrawMallory L MyersNeetu M GulatiMadhu PrabhakaranJoshua BrandSarah AndrewsJohn R GallagherSamantha Maldonado-PugaAlexander J KimUdana TorianHubza SyedaSeyhan Boyoglu-BarnumMasaru KanekiyoAdrian B McDermottAudray K HarrisDespite the availability of seasonal vaccines and antiviral medications, influenza virus continues to be a major health concern and pandemic threat due to the continually changing antigenic regions of the major surface glycoprotein, hemagglutinin (HA). One emerging strategy for the development of more efficacious seasonal and universal influenza vaccines is structure-guided design of nanoparticles that display conserved regions of HA, such as the stem. Using the H1 HA subtype to establish proof of concept, we found that tandem copies of an alpha-helical fragment from the conserved stem region (helix-A) can be displayed on the protruding spikes structures of a capsid scaffold. The stem region of HA on these designed chimeric nanoparticles is immunogenic and the nanoparticles are biochemically robust in that heat exposure did not destroy the particles and immunogenicity was retained. Furthermore, mice vaccinated with H1-nanoparticles were protected from lethal challenge with H1N1 influenza virus. By using a nanoparticle library approach with this helix-A nanoparticle design, we show that this vaccine nanoparticle construct design could be applicable to different influenza HA subtypes. Importantly, antibodies elicited by H1, H5, and H7 nanoparticles demonstrated homosubtypic and heterosubtypic cross-reactivity binding to different HA subtypes. Also, helix-A nanoparticle immunizations were used to isolate mouse monoclonal antibodies that demonstrated heterosubtypic cross-reactivity and provided protection to mice from viral challenge via passive-transfer. This tandem helix-A nanoparticle construct represents a novel design to display several hundred copies of non-trimeric conserved HA stem epitopes on vaccine nanoparticles. This design concept provides a new approach to universal influenza vaccine development strategies and opens opportunities for the development of nanoparticles with broad coverage over many antigenically diverse influenza HA subtypes.https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1011514&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Dustin M McCraw Mallory L Myers Neetu M Gulati Madhu Prabhakaran Joshua Brand Sarah Andrews John R Gallagher Samantha Maldonado-Puga Alexander J Kim Udana Torian Hubza Syeda Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum Masaru Kanekiyo Adrian B McDermott Audray K Harris Designed nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | Designed nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes. |
| title_full | Designed nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes. |
| title_fullStr | Designed nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Designed nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes. |
| title_short | Designed nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes. |
| title_sort | designed nanoparticles elicit cross reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1011514&type=printable |
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