Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery: a prospective, bicentric cohort study

Abstract Background The ARISCAT score, a prospectively developed generic classification for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), has shown excellent predictive performance in general surgery. However, there is no reliable classification instrument for PPCs prediciton in thoracic surgery. Ob...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yongxin Zhou, Haiyan Wang, Dianyu Lu, Tao Jiang, Zhanpeng Huang, Feixiang Wang, Yonghua Yao, Yu Gu, Wei Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:BMC Geriatrics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05791-2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850023406689320960
author Yongxin Zhou
Haiyan Wang
Dianyu Lu
Tao Jiang
Zhanpeng Huang
Feixiang Wang
Yonghua Yao
Yu Gu
Wei Wei
author_facet Yongxin Zhou
Haiyan Wang
Dianyu Lu
Tao Jiang
Zhanpeng Huang
Feixiang Wang
Yonghua Yao
Yu Gu
Wei Wei
author_sort Yongxin Zhou
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The ARISCAT score, a prospectively developed generic classification for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), has shown excellent predictive performance in general surgery. However, there is no reliable classification instrument for PPCs prediciton in thoracic surgery. Objective This study aimed to develop and validate a novel nomogram for estimating the risk of pulmonary complications in older patients (≥ 65 years) within 30 days after NCTS. Methods A nomogram was developed using predefined candidate predictors of 30-day PPCs. It was fitted with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and logistic regression methods. Internal validation was performed using a bootstrap-resampling approach, while external validation used an independent, temporally separated cohort. The model’s performance was assessed based on its discriminative potential (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]), predictive ability (calibration plots), and clinical utility (net benefit). Results In the development (n = 1449) and validation (n = 449) cohorts, 34.9% and 31.4% of patients, respectively, developed pulmonary complications 30 days post-surgery. The final nomogram incorporated eight predictors (age, surgical approach, desaturation of < 92% for more than 2 min, duration of surgery, smoking status, FEV1/FVC%, respiratory infection in the last 30 days, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy). The nomogram showed excellent discrimination (AUC = 0.866, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.846–0.885), calibration (Hosmer- Lemeshow test, P = 0.97) and overall performance (Brier score = 0.014) in the development cohort. Similar results were observed in the external validation cohort (AUC = 0.825, 95% CI, 0.786–0.864). A decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram offers a positive net benefit compared with the ARISCAT and LAS VEGAS scores. Conclusions This novel nomogram can reliably identify older patients with a high risk for pulmonary complications within 30 days after NCTS. Trial registration ChiCTR2100051170.
format Article
id doaj-art-82c4e211c1134f0fbd1a612dfd9d9414
institution DOAJ
issn 1471-2318
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Geriatrics
spelling doaj-art-82c4e211c1134f0fbd1a612dfd9d94142025-08-20T03:01:23ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182025-03-0125111110.1186/s12877-025-05791-2Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery: a prospective, bicentric cohort studyYongxin Zhou0Haiyan Wang1Dianyu Lu2Tao Jiang3Zhanpeng Huang4Feixiang Wang5Yonghua Yao6Yu Gu7Wei Wei8Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen HospitalDepartment of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical UniversityAbstract Background The ARISCAT score, a prospectively developed generic classification for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), has shown excellent predictive performance in general surgery. However, there is no reliable classification instrument for PPCs prediciton in thoracic surgery. Objective This study aimed to develop and validate a novel nomogram for estimating the risk of pulmonary complications in older patients (≥ 65 years) within 30 days after NCTS. Methods A nomogram was developed using predefined candidate predictors of 30-day PPCs. It was fitted with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and logistic regression methods. Internal validation was performed using a bootstrap-resampling approach, while external validation used an independent, temporally separated cohort. The model’s performance was assessed based on its discriminative potential (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]), predictive ability (calibration plots), and clinical utility (net benefit). Results In the development (n = 1449) and validation (n = 449) cohorts, 34.9% and 31.4% of patients, respectively, developed pulmonary complications 30 days post-surgery. The final nomogram incorporated eight predictors (age, surgical approach, desaturation of < 92% for more than 2 min, duration of surgery, smoking status, FEV1/FVC%, respiratory infection in the last 30 days, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy). The nomogram showed excellent discrimination (AUC = 0.866, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.846–0.885), calibration (Hosmer- Lemeshow test, P = 0.97) and overall performance (Brier score = 0.014) in the development cohort. Similar results were observed in the external validation cohort (AUC = 0.825, 95% CI, 0.786–0.864). A decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram offers a positive net benefit compared with the ARISCAT and LAS VEGAS scores. Conclusions This novel nomogram can reliably identify older patients with a high risk for pulmonary complications within 30 days after NCTS. Trial registration ChiCTR2100051170.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05791-2Older patientsNoncardiac thoracic surgeryPostoperative pulmonary complicationsPrediction
spellingShingle Yongxin Zhou
Haiyan Wang
Dianyu Lu
Tao Jiang
Zhanpeng Huang
Feixiang Wang
Yonghua Yao
Yu Gu
Wei Wei
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery: a prospective, bicentric cohort study
BMC Geriatrics
Older patients
Noncardiac thoracic surgery
Postoperative pulmonary complications
Prediction
title Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery: a prospective, bicentric cohort study
title_full Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery: a prospective, bicentric cohort study
title_fullStr Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery: a prospective, bicentric cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery: a prospective, bicentric cohort study
title_short Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery: a prospective, bicentric cohort study
title_sort development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery a prospective bicentric cohort study
topic Older patients
Noncardiac thoracic surgery
Postoperative pulmonary complications
Prediction
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05791-2
work_keys_str_mv AT yongxinzhou developmentandvalidationofanomogramforpredictingpostoperativepulmonarycomplicationsinolderpatientsundergoingnoncardiacthoracicsurgeryaprospectivebicentriccohortstudy
AT haiyanwang developmentandvalidationofanomogramforpredictingpostoperativepulmonarycomplicationsinolderpatientsundergoingnoncardiacthoracicsurgeryaprospectivebicentriccohortstudy
AT dianyulu developmentandvalidationofanomogramforpredictingpostoperativepulmonarycomplicationsinolderpatientsundergoingnoncardiacthoracicsurgeryaprospectivebicentriccohortstudy
AT taojiang developmentandvalidationofanomogramforpredictingpostoperativepulmonarycomplicationsinolderpatientsundergoingnoncardiacthoracicsurgeryaprospectivebicentriccohortstudy
AT zhanpenghuang developmentandvalidationofanomogramforpredictingpostoperativepulmonarycomplicationsinolderpatientsundergoingnoncardiacthoracicsurgeryaprospectivebicentriccohortstudy
AT feixiangwang developmentandvalidationofanomogramforpredictingpostoperativepulmonarycomplicationsinolderpatientsundergoingnoncardiacthoracicsurgeryaprospectivebicentriccohortstudy
AT yonghuayao developmentandvalidationofanomogramforpredictingpostoperativepulmonarycomplicationsinolderpatientsundergoingnoncardiacthoracicsurgeryaprospectivebicentriccohortstudy
AT yugu developmentandvalidationofanomogramforpredictingpostoperativepulmonarycomplicationsinolderpatientsundergoingnoncardiacthoracicsurgeryaprospectivebicentriccohortstudy
AT weiwei developmentandvalidationofanomogramforpredictingpostoperativepulmonarycomplicationsinolderpatientsundergoingnoncardiacthoracicsurgeryaprospectivebicentriccohortstudy