Mothers' and fathers' experiences of breastfeeding and returning to paid work after birth: A mixed‐method study

Abstract This mixed‐method study explored the experiences of mothers and fathers combining breastfeeding with returning to paid employment after childbirth. Tasmanian State Service employees participated in an online survey and phone interviews. A total of 130 parents completed the survey, and 42 pa...

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Main Authors: Jennifer Ayton, Sue Pearson, Alison Graham, Gemma Kitsos, Emily Hansen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-01-01
Series:Maternal and Child Nutrition
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13761
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author Jennifer Ayton
Sue Pearson
Alison Graham
Gemma Kitsos
Emily Hansen
author_facet Jennifer Ayton
Sue Pearson
Alison Graham
Gemma Kitsos
Emily Hansen
author_sort Jennifer Ayton
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This mixed‐method study explored the experiences of mothers and fathers combining breastfeeding with returning to paid employment after childbirth. Tasmanian State Service employees participated in an online survey and phone interviews. A total of 130 parents completed the survey, and 42 participated in 60‐min phone interviews. The survey had more female respondents (109) than male (21), and only 4 of the 42 interviews were with fathers. The sample consisted mainly of professional women (84%) and men (16%), predominantly Australian‐born (88%). Two‐thirds of participants worked part‐time (62%), taking either unpaid (52%) or paid leave (61%) within the first 12 months after birth. The majority (88%) preferred to breastfeed, with the mean age of the first formula feed being 4.1 months. A narrative analysis of the qualitative data, informed by work–family conflict theory, reveals that transitioning back to paid work while breastfeeding is challenging for both mothers and fathers. Parents face multiple conflicts between paid work, family responsibilities and maintaining breastfeeding. The emotional and physical demands of feeding, expressing, storing and transporting breast milk, combined with often inadequate workplace facilities, policies and gender discrimination, add to parental pressure. Mothers bear the greatest burden, while fathers’ roles and needs are often overlooked in the workplace. The major finding of this study is that breastfeeding is insufficiently recognised as an integral part of the return‐to‐work process for both parents, generating a form of work–family breastfeeding conflict, where work (part‐time or full‐time) interferes with family responsibilities and breastfeeding. Family‐friendly breastfeeding policies based on equity principles are needed to address workplace gender inequality and discrimination and better support parents in combining work and breastfeeding.
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spelling doaj-art-82bd3e1074824c499bfc1bf69b819e412025-08-20T01:57:51ZengWileyMaternal and Child Nutrition1740-86951740-87092025-01-01211n/an/a10.1111/mcn.13761Mothers' and fathers' experiences of breastfeeding and returning to paid work after birth: A mixed‐method studyJennifer Ayton0Sue Pearson1Alison Graham2Gemma Kitsos3Emily Hansen4College of Health and Medicine Tasmanian School of Medicine University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania AustraliaCollege of Health and Medicine Tasmanian School of Medicine University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania AustraliaTasmanian Department of Health Public Health Services Hobart Tasmania AustraliaCollege of Health and Medicine Tasmanian School of Medicine University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania AustraliaCollege of Arts, Law and Humanities, School of Social Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania AustraliaAbstract This mixed‐method study explored the experiences of mothers and fathers combining breastfeeding with returning to paid employment after childbirth. Tasmanian State Service employees participated in an online survey and phone interviews. A total of 130 parents completed the survey, and 42 participated in 60‐min phone interviews. The survey had more female respondents (109) than male (21), and only 4 of the 42 interviews were with fathers. The sample consisted mainly of professional women (84%) and men (16%), predominantly Australian‐born (88%). Two‐thirds of participants worked part‐time (62%), taking either unpaid (52%) or paid leave (61%) within the first 12 months after birth. The majority (88%) preferred to breastfeed, with the mean age of the first formula feed being 4.1 months. A narrative analysis of the qualitative data, informed by work–family conflict theory, reveals that transitioning back to paid work while breastfeeding is challenging for both mothers and fathers. Parents face multiple conflicts between paid work, family responsibilities and maintaining breastfeeding. The emotional and physical demands of feeding, expressing, storing and transporting breast milk, combined with often inadequate workplace facilities, policies and gender discrimination, add to parental pressure. Mothers bear the greatest burden, while fathers’ roles and needs are often overlooked in the workplace. The major finding of this study is that breastfeeding is insufficiently recognised as an integral part of the return‐to‐work process for both parents, generating a form of work–family breastfeeding conflict, where work (part‐time or full‐time) interferes with family responsibilities and breastfeeding. Family‐friendly breastfeeding policies based on equity principles are needed to address workplace gender inequality and discrimination and better support parents in combining work and breastfeeding.https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13761breastfeedingemploymentexpressingfathersmothersqualitative
spellingShingle Jennifer Ayton
Sue Pearson
Alison Graham
Gemma Kitsos
Emily Hansen
Mothers' and fathers' experiences of breastfeeding and returning to paid work after birth: A mixed‐method study
Maternal and Child Nutrition
breastfeeding
employment
expressing
fathers
mothers
qualitative
title Mothers' and fathers' experiences of breastfeeding and returning to paid work after birth: A mixed‐method study
title_full Mothers' and fathers' experiences of breastfeeding and returning to paid work after birth: A mixed‐method study
title_fullStr Mothers' and fathers' experiences of breastfeeding and returning to paid work after birth: A mixed‐method study
title_full_unstemmed Mothers' and fathers' experiences of breastfeeding and returning to paid work after birth: A mixed‐method study
title_short Mothers' and fathers' experiences of breastfeeding and returning to paid work after birth: A mixed‐method study
title_sort mothers and fathers experiences of breastfeeding and returning to paid work after birth a mixed method study
topic breastfeeding
employment
expressing
fathers
mothers
qualitative
url https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13761
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