Evolution and Simulation Analysis of Digital Transformation in Rural Elderly Care Services from a Multi-Agent Perspective in China

Amid accelerating population aging and the rapid evolution of digital technologies, the digital transformation of rural elderly care services has become a pivotal strategy for restructuring the rural elderly care system. This study identified the local government, rural elderly care service centers,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zheng Wen, Ming Mo, Jin Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Mathematics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/11/1756
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850129643170955264
author Zheng Wen
Ming Mo
Jin Xu
author_facet Zheng Wen
Ming Mo
Jin Xu
author_sort Zheng Wen
collection DOAJ
description Amid accelerating population aging and the rapid evolution of digital technologies, the digital transformation of rural elderly care services has become a pivotal strategy for restructuring the rural elderly care system. This study identified the local government, rural elderly care service centers, and the elderly population as the principal stakeholders, and developed a tripartite evolutionary game-theory model to examine the dynamic strategic interactions among these actors under the influence of digital technologies. The model further investigated the evolutionary trajectories and equilibrium conditions of their behavioral strategies. Numerical simulations conducted via MATLAB were employed to validate and visualize the model outcomes. The findings revealed the following. (1) The evolutionary equilibrium of digital elderly care service development in rural areas is jointly determined by the strategic choices of the three parties, with its stability shaped by a complex interplay of cost structures, incentive mechanisms, and utility outcomes. (2) Cost factors exhibit heterogeneous effects across stakeholders. Specifically, excessive regulatory costs diminish the performance incentives of local governments, digital infrastructure and operational expenditures influence service centers’ capacity for precision-oriented service delivery, and the participation of the elderly is constrained by affordability thresholds. (3) Local government behavior demonstrates a pronounced sensitivity to incentives. In particular, rewards and social reputation conferred by higher-level governmental bodies exert a significantly stronger influence than punitive measures. (4) Government subsidies for digital transformation enhance cross-stakeholder synergy through dual transmission channels. Nonetheless, excessive subsidies may escalate fiscal risk, while moderately calibrated penalty mechanisms effectively curb moral hazard within service centers. This study advances theoretical understanding of multi-stakeholder coordination in the context of digitally enabled rural elderly care and provides actionable insights for policymakers aiming to formulate interest-aligned strategies and construct resilient, intelligent governance systems for elderly care.
format Article
id doaj-art-82a8d1cf040e455cb91e02e2b54e08fb
institution OA Journals
issn 2227-7390
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Mathematics
spelling doaj-art-82a8d1cf040e455cb91e02e2b54e08fb2025-08-20T02:32:55ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902025-05-011311175610.3390/math13111756Evolution and Simulation Analysis of Digital Transformation in Rural Elderly Care Services from a Multi-Agent Perspective in ChinaZheng Wen0Ming Mo1Jin Xu2College of Business, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaCollege of Business, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaCollege of Economics, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaAmid accelerating population aging and the rapid evolution of digital technologies, the digital transformation of rural elderly care services has become a pivotal strategy for restructuring the rural elderly care system. This study identified the local government, rural elderly care service centers, and the elderly population as the principal stakeholders, and developed a tripartite evolutionary game-theory model to examine the dynamic strategic interactions among these actors under the influence of digital technologies. The model further investigated the evolutionary trajectories and equilibrium conditions of their behavioral strategies. Numerical simulations conducted via MATLAB were employed to validate and visualize the model outcomes. The findings revealed the following. (1) The evolutionary equilibrium of digital elderly care service development in rural areas is jointly determined by the strategic choices of the three parties, with its stability shaped by a complex interplay of cost structures, incentive mechanisms, and utility outcomes. (2) Cost factors exhibit heterogeneous effects across stakeholders. Specifically, excessive regulatory costs diminish the performance incentives of local governments, digital infrastructure and operational expenditures influence service centers’ capacity for precision-oriented service delivery, and the participation of the elderly is constrained by affordability thresholds. (3) Local government behavior demonstrates a pronounced sensitivity to incentives. In particular, rewards and social reputation conferred by higher-level governmental bodies exert a significantly stronger influence than punitive measures. (4) Government subsidies for digital transformation enhance cross-stakeholder synergy through dual transmission channels. Nonetheless, excessive subsidies may escalate fiscal risk, while moderately calibrated penalty mechanisms effectively curb moral hazard within service centers. This study advances theoretical understanding of multi-stakeholder coordination in the context of digitally enabled rural elderly care and provides actionable insights for policymakers aiming to formulate interest-aligned strategies and construct resilient, intelligent governance systems for elderly care.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/11/1756digital transformationrural elderly servicessmart senior careevolutionary gamesimulation analysis
spellingShingle Zheng Wen
Ming Mo
Jin Xu
Evolution and Simulation Analysis of Digital Transformation in Rural Elderly Care Services from a Multi-Agent Perspective in China
Mathematics
digital transformation
rural elderly services
smart senior care
evolutionary game
simulation analysis
title Evolution and Simulation Analysis of Digital Transformation in Rural Elderly Care Services from a Multi-Agent Perspective in China
title_full Evolution and Simulation Analysis of Digital Transformation in Rural Elderly Care Services from a Multi-Agent Perspective in China
title_fullStr Evolution and Simulation Analysis of Digital Transformation in Rural Elderly Care Services from a Multi-Agent Perspective in China
title_full_unstemmed Evolution and Simulation Analysis of Digital Transformation in Rural Elderly Care Services from a Multi-Agent Perspective in China
title_short Evolution and Simulation Analysis of Digital Transformation in Rural Elderly Care Services from a Multi-Agent Perspective in China
title_sort evolution and simulation analysis of digital transformation in rural elderly care services from a multi agent perspective in china
topic digital transformation
rural elderly services
smart senior care
evolutionary game
simulation analysis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/11/1756
work_keys_str_mv AT zhengwen evolutionandsimulationanalysisofdigitaltransformationinruralelderlycareservicesfromamultiagentperspectiveinchina
AT mingmo evolutionandsimulationanalysisofdigitaltransformationinruralelderlycareservicesfromamultiagentperspectiveinchina
AT jinxu evolutionandsimulationanalysisofdigitaltransformationinruralelderlycareservicesfromamultiagentperspectiveinchina