A Data-driven M Dwarf Model and Detailed Abundances for ∼17,000 M Dwarfs in SDSS-V
The cool temperatures of M dwarf atmospheres enable complex molecular chemistry, making robust characterization of M dwarf compositions a long-standing challenge. Recent modifications to spectral synthesis pipelines have enabled more accurate modeling of M dwarf atmospheres, but these methods are to...
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IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adaf1f |
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| author | Aida Behmard Melissa K. Ness Andrew R. Casey Ruth Angus Katia Cunha Diogo Souto Yuxi(Lucy) Lu Jennifer A. Johnson |
| author_facet | Aida Behmard Melissa K. Ness Andrew R. Casey Ruth Angus Katia Cunha Diogo Souto Yuxi(Lucy) Lu Jennifer A. Johnson |
| author_sort | Aida Behmard |
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| description | The cool temperatures of M dwarf atmospheres enable complex molecular chemistry, making robust characterization of M dwarf compositions a long-standing challenge. Recent modifications to spectral synthesis pipelines have enabled more accurate modeling of M dwarf atmospheres, but these methods are too slow for characterizing more than a handful of stars at a time. Data-driven methods such as The Cannon are viable alternatives, and can harness the information content of many M dwarfs from large spectroscopic surveys. Here, we train The Cannon on M dwarfs with FGK binary companions from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-V/Milky Way Mapper (SDSS-V/MWM), with spectra from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment. The FGK-M pairs are assumed to be chemically homogeneous and span −0.56 < [Fe/H] < 0.31 dex. The resulting model is capable of inferring M dwarf T _eff and elemental abundances for Fe, Mg, Al, Si, C, N, O, Ca, Ti, Cr, and Ni with median uncertainties of 13 K and 0.018–0.029 dex, respectively. We test the model by verifying that it reproduces the reported abundance values of M dwarfs in open clusters and benchmark M dwarf data sets, as well as the expected metallicity trends from stellar evolution. We apply the model to 16,590 M dwarfs in SDSS-V/MWM and provide their detailed abundances in our accompanying catalog. |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-8290e8d0eef3415bbcddae02470b28af2025-08-20T01:58:04ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-0198211310.3847/1538-4357/adaf1fA Data-driven M Dwarf Model and Detailed Abundances for ∼17,000 M Dwarfs in SDSS-VAida Behmard0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0012-9093Melissa K. Ness1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-6693Andrew R. Casey2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0174-0564Ruth Angus3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-5661Katia Cunha4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6476-0576Diogo Souto5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-5425Yuxi(Lucy) Lu6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4769-3273Jennifer A. Johnson7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-1834Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10010, USA ; abehmard@flatironinstitute.org; American Museum of Natural History , 200 Central Park West, Manhattan, NY 10024, USAResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University , Canberra, ACT 2601, AustraliaCenter for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10010, USA ; abehmard@flatironinstitute.org; School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in Three Dimensions (ASTRO-3D) , AustraliaAmerican Museum of Natural History , 200 Central Park West, Manhattan, NY 10024, USAUniversity of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; Observatório Nacional , São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDepartamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Sergipe , Av. Marcelo Deda Chagas, S/N Cep 49.107-230, São Cristóvão, SE, BrazilDepartment of Astronomy, The Ohio State University , 140 W 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (CCAPP), The Ohio State University , 191 W. Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Astronomy and Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USAThe cool temperatures of M dwarf atmospheres enable complex molecular chemistry, making robust characterization of M dwarf compositions a long-standing challenge. Recent modifications to spectral synthesis pipelines have enabled more accurate modeling of M dwarf atmospheres, but these methods are too slow for characterizing more than a handful of stars at a time. Data-driven methods such as The Cannon are viable alternatives, and can harness the information content of many M dwarfs from large spectroscopic surveys. Here, we train The Cannon on M dwarfs with FGK binary companions from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-V/Milky Way Mapper (SDSS-V/MWM), with spectra from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment. The FGK-M pairs are assumed to be chemically homogeneous and span −0.56 < [Fe/H] < 0.31 dex. The resulting model is capable of inferring M dwarf T _eff and elemental abundances for Fe, Mg, Al, Si, C, N, O, Ca, Ti, Cr, and Ni with median uncertainties of 13 K and 0.018–0.029 dex, respectively. We test the model by verifying that it reproduces the reported abundance values of M dwarfs in open clusters and benchmark M dwarf data sets, as well as the expected metallicity trends from stellar evolution. We apply the model to 16,590 M dwarfs in SDSS-V/MWM and provide their detailed abundances in our accompanying catalog.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adaf1fStellar abundancesM dwarf starsHigh resolution spectroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Aida Behmard Melissa K. Ness Andrew R. Casey Ruth Angus Katia Cunha Diogo Souto Yuxi(Lucy) Lu Jennifer A. Johnson A Data-driven M Dwarf Model and Detailed Abundances for ∼17,000 M Dwarfs in SDSS-V The Astrophysical Journal Stellar abundances M dwarf stars High resolution spectroscopy |
| title | A Data-driven M Dwarf Model and Detailed Abundances for ∼17,000 M Dwarfs in SDSS-V |
| title_full | A Data-driven M Dwarf Model and Detailed Abundances for ∼17,000 M Dwarfs in SDSS-V |
| title_fullStr | A Data-driven M Dwarf Model and Detailed Abundances for ∼17,000 M Dwarfs in SDSS-V |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Data-driven M Dwarf Model and Detailed Abundances for ∼17,000 M Dwarfs in SDSS-V |
| title_short | A Data-driven M Dwarf Model and Detailed Abundances for ∼17,000 M Dwarfs in SDSS-V |
| title_sort | data driven m dwarf model and detailed abundances for ∼17 000 m dwarfs in sdss v |
| topic | Stellar abundances M dwarf stars High resolution spectroscopy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adaf1f |
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