An unusual case of post-menopausal bleeding
Abstract Background Metastasis from Renal cell carcinoma at presentation is seen in nearly one fifth of the patients and commonly occur to lung, bone and liver. Synchronous vaginal and cervical metastasis is extremely rare. Several pathways have been proposed of which blood reflux from left renal ve...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | World Journal of Surgical Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-025-03684-7 |
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| author | Roli Purwar Jyothi Kanugonda Mridula Shukla Manoj Pandey |
| author_facet | Roli Purwar Jyothi Kanugonda Mridula Shukla Manoj Pandey |
| author_sort | Roli Purwar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Metastasis from Renal cell carcinoma at presentation is seen in nearly one fifth of the patients and commonly occur to lung, bone and liver. Synchronous vaginal and cervical metastasis is extremely rare. Several pathways have been proposed of which blood reflux from left renal vein to ovarian vein is most plausible. The prognosis is usually very poor as they are often associated with disseminated metastasis. Case presentation A 55-year-old women presented with post-menopausal vaginal bleeding, on examination a smooth mass occupying the vagina and obscuring the view of cervix with normal mucosa was found. Biopsy and Immunohistochemistry showed it to be renal cell carcinoma. Further investigations lead to identification of left renal mass with pulmonary, vaginal and cervical metastasis. Patient was started on Pazopanib 800 mg PO per day, and was lost to follow-up. Conclusion Vaginal metastasis presenting as post-menopausal bleeding is one of the rarest presentation of renal cell carcinoma with only 3 cases reported in literature before this. Metastatic tumors to the vagina are more common than primary tumors and are mostly from cervix, endometrium and ovary. A high index of suspicion and through examination and investigation is the key to correct diagnosis and management. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8274dfd9c4d340c19c1319bf154e7fdd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1477-7819 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | World Journal of Surgical Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-8274dfd9c4d340c19c1319bf154e7fdd2025-02-09T12:39:54ZengBMCWorld Journal of Surgical Oncology1477-78192025-02-012311610.1186/s12957-025-03684-7An unusual case of post-menopausal bleedingRoli Purwar0Jyothi Kanugonda1Mridula Shukla2Manoj Pandey3Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu UniversityDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu UniversityDr. Lalpath Labs Ltd.Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu UniversityAbstract Background Metastasis from Renal cell carcinoma at presentation is seen in nearly one fifth of the patients and commonly occur to lung, bone and liver. Synchronous vaginal and cervical metastasis is extremely rare. Several pathways have been proposed of which blood reflux from left renal vein to ovarian vein is most plausible. The prognosis is usually very poor as they are often associated with disseminated metastasis. Case presentation A 55-year-old women presented with post-menopausal vaginal bleeding, on examination a smooth mass occupying the vagina and obscuring the view of cervix with normal mucosa was found. Biopsy and Immunohistochemistry showed it to be renal cell carcinoma. Further investigations lead to identification of left renal mass with pulmonary, vaginal and cervical metastasis. Patient was started on Pazopanib 800 mg PO per day, and was lost to follow-up. Conclusion Vaginal metastasis presenting as post-menopausal bleeding is one of the rarest presentation of renal cell carcinoma with only 3 cases reported in literature before this. Metastatic tumors to the vagina are more common than primary tumors and are mostly from cervix, endometrium and ovary. A high index of suspicion and through examination and investigation is the key to correct diagnosis and management.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-025-03684-7Renal cell carcinomaVaginal metastasisVenous refluxCervixKidneyPazopanib |
| spellingShingle | Roli Purwar Jyothi Kanugonda Mridula Shukla Manoj Pandey An unusual case of post-menopausal bleeding World Journal of Surgical Oncology Renal cell carcinoma Vaginal metastasis Venous reflux Cervix Kidney Pazopanib |
| title | An unusual case of post-menopausal bleeding |
| title_full | An unusual case of post-menopausal bleeding |
| title_fullStr | An unusual case of post-menopausal bleeding |
| title_full_unstemmed | An unusual case of post-menopausal bleeding |
| title_short | An unusual case of post-menopausal bleeding |
| title_sort | unusual case of post menopausal bleeding |
| topic | Renal cell carcinoma Vaginal metastasis Venous reflux Cervix Kidney Pazopanib |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-025-03684-7 |
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