Dietary Trends, Microbiome, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review
Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with growing evidence highlighting the role of diet and the gut microbiome in cardiovascular health (CVH). This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the interactions between dietary patterns, the g...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Heart and Mind |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/hm.HM-D-24-00109 |
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| author | Fabian Sanchis-Gomar Helios Pareja-Galeano José María Moya-Morales Sergio Vázquez-González Carme Perez-Quilis |
| author_facet | Fabian Sanchis-Gomar Helios Pareja-Galeano José María Moya-Morales Sergio Vázquez-González Carme Perez-Quilis |
| author_sort | Fabian Sanchis-Gomar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with growing evidence highlighting the role of diet and the gut microbiome in cardiovascular health (CVH). This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the interactions between dietary patterns, the gut microbiome, and CV outcomes. High-fiber diets, such as the Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, promote beneficial microbial species, enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids that exhibit anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects. Conversely, Western diets high in fat and low in fiber are associated with microbial dysbiosis and elevated trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels, a metabolite linked to increased atherosclerosis and CVD risk. TMAO has been shown to amplify systemic inflammation by upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, exacerbating CV damage. This review explores how microbiome composition influences metabolic and immune functions, contributing to systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, which are critical in CVD progression. Personalized nutrition, informed by microbiome profiling, represents a promising avenue for optimizing CVH. Emerging therapeutic strategies, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, also offer the potential for modulating the microbiome to improve CV outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-826ce9c89b2e4cefbcb9dd2761c77959 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2468-6476 2468-6484 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heart and Mind |
| spelling | doaj-art-826ce9c89b2e4cefbcb9dd2761c779592025-08-20T03:16:06ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsHeart and Mind2468-64762468-64842025-05-019323725410.4103/hm.HM-D-24-00109Dietary Trends, Microbiome, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative ReviewFabian Sanchis-GomarHelios Pareja-GaleanoJosé María Moya-MoralesSergio Vázquez-GonzálezCarme Perez-QuilisCardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with growing evidence highlighting the role of diet and the gut microbiome in cardiovascular health (CVH). This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the interactions between dietary patterns, the gut microbiome, and CV outcomes. High-fiber diets, such as the Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, promote beneficial microbial species, enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids that exhibit anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects. Conversely, Western diets high in fat and low in fiber are associated with microbial dysbiosis and elevated trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels, a metabolite linked to increased atherosclerosis and CVD risk. TMAO has been shown to amplify systemic inflammation by upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, exacerbating CV damage. This review explores how microbiome composition influences metabolic and immune functions, contributing to systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, which are critical in CVD progression. Personalized nutrition, informed by microbiome profiling, represents a promising avenue for optimizing CVH. Emerging therapeutic strategies, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, also offer the potential for modulating the microbiome to improve CV outcomes.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/hm.HM-D-24-00109atherosclerosiscardiovascularinflammationmetabolismmicrobiomenutrition |
| spellingShingle | Fabian Sanchis-Gomar Helios Pareja-Galeano José María Moya-Morales Sergio Vázquez-González Carme Perez-Quilis Dietary Trends, Microbiome, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review Heart and Mind atherosclerosis cardiovascular inflammation metabolism microbiome nutrition |
| title | Dietary Trends, Microbiome, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review |
| title_full | Dietary Trends, Microbiome, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Trends, Microbiome, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Trends, Microbiome, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review |
| title_short | Dietary Trends, Microbiome, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review |
| title_sort | dietary trends microbiome and cardiovascular health a narrative review |
| topic | atherosclerosis cardiovascular inflammation metabolism microbiome nutrition |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/hm.HM-D-24-00109 |
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