Personalization of closed-chain shoulder models yields high kinematic accuracy for multiple motions

IntroductionThe shoulder joint complex is prone to musculoskeletal issues, such as rotator cuff-related pain, which affect two-thirds of adults and often result in suboptimal treatment outcomes. Current musculoskeletal models used to understand shoulder biomechanics are limited by challenges in pers...

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Main Authors: Claire V. Hammond, Heath B. Henninger, Benjamin J. Fregly, Jonathan A. Gustafson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1547373/full
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author Claire V. Hammond
Heath B. Henninger
Benjamin J. Fregly
Jonathan A. Gustafson
author_facet Claire V. Hammond
Heath B. Henninger
Benjamin J. Fregly
Jonathan A. Gustafson
author_sort Claire V. Hammond
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionThe shoulder joint complex is prone to musculoskeletal issues, such as rotator cuff-related pain, which affect two-thirds of adults and often result in suboptimal treatment outcomes. Current musculoskeletal models used to understand shoulder biomechanics are limited by challenges in personalization, inaccuracies in predicting joint and muscle loads, and an inability to simulate anatomically accurate motions. To address these deficiencies, we developed a novel, personalized modeling framework capable of calibrating subject-specific joint centers and functional axes for the shoulder complex.MethodsWe developed a novel personalized modeling framework utilizing the Joint Model Personalization (JMP) Tool from the Neuromusculoskeletal Modeling Pipeline, incorporating in vivo biplane fluoroscopy data of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints. Initially, open-chain scapula-only models with 3, 4, and 5 degrees of freedom (DOFs) were created and optimized using synthetic marker data derived from subject-specific geometry. Subsequently, closed-chain shoulder models including scapula, clavicle, and humerus were constructed and optimized through a two-stage personalization approach. Model accuracy and generalizability were assessed using marker distance errors and leave-one-out cross-validation across multiple shoulder motions.ResultsIncreasing the number of scapula DOFs in open-chain models improved kinematic accuracy, with the 5 DOF scapula model yielding the lowest marker distance errors (average: 0.8 mm; maximum: 5.2 mm). The closed-chain shoulder model demonstrated high accuracy (average: 0.9 mm; maximum: 5.7 mm) and consistency across subject in cross-validation tests (average marker distance errors = 1.0–1.4 mm). Models personalized with synthetic noise representative of skin-based marker data resulted in slightly increased, yet acceptable marker errors (average: 3.4 mm).ConclusionOur personalized, closed-chain shoulder modeling framework significantly improves the accuracy and anatomical fidelity of shoulder kinematic simulations compared to existing approaches. This framework minimizes errors in joint kinematics and provides a foundation for future models incorporating personalized musculature and advanced simulations.
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spelling doaj-art-825c1eee8ff44336bddc2bd3db72d9c72025-08-20T03:59:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852025-08-011310.3389/fbioe.2025.15473731547373Personalization of closed-chain shoulder models yields high kinematic accuracy for multiple motionsClaire V. Hammond0Heath B. Henninger1Benjamin J. Fregly2Jonathan A. Gustafson3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartments of Orthopaedics and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United StatesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United StatesIntroductionThe shoulder joint complex is prone to musculoskeletal issues, such as rotator cuff-related pain, which affect two-thirds of adults and often result in suboptimal treatment outcomes. Current musculoskeletal models used to understand shoulder biomechanics are limited by challenges in personalization, inaccuracies in predicting joint and muscle loads, and an inability to simulate anatomically accurate motions. To address these deficiencies, we developed a novel, personalized modeling framework capable of calibrating subject-specific joint centers and functional axes for the shoulder complex.MethodsWe developed a novel personalized modeling framework utilizing the Joint Model Personalization (JMP) Tool from the Neuromusculoskeletal Modeling Pipeline, incorporating in vivo biplane fluoroscopy data of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints. Initially, open-chain scapula-only models with 3, 4, and 5 degrees of freedom (DOFs) were created and optimized using synthetic marker data derived from subject-specific geometry. Subsequently, closed-chain shoulder models including scapula, clavicle, and humerus were constructed and optimized through a two-stage personalization approach. Model accuracy and generalizability were assessed using marker distance errors and leave-one-out cross-validation across multiple shoulder motions.ResultsIncreasing the number of scapula DOFs in open-chain models improved kinematic accuracy, with the 5 DOF scapula model yielding the lowest marker distance errors (average: 0.8 mm; maximum: 5.2 mm). The closed-chain shoulder model demonstrated high accuracy (average: 0.9 mm; maximum: 5.7 mm) and consistency across subject in cross-validation tests (average marker distance errors = 1.0–1.4 mm). Models personalized with synthetic noise representative of skin-based marker data resulted in slightly increased, yet acceptable marker errors (average: 3.4 mm).ConclusionOur personalized, closed-chain shoulder modeling framework significantly improves the accuracy and anatomical fidelity of shoulder kinematic simulations compared to existing approaches. This framework minimizes errors in joint kinematics and provides a foundation for future models incorporating personalized musculature and advanced simulations.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1547373/fullshoulder jointmusculoskeletal modelscapulothoracic kinematicsmodel personalizationoptimization
spellingShingle Claire V. Hammond
Heath B. Henninger
Benjamin J. Fregly
Jonathan A. Gustafson
Personalization of closed-chain shoulder models yields high kinematic accuracy for multiple motions
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
shoulder joint
musculoskeletal model
scapulothoracic kinematics
model personalization
optimization
title Personalization of closed-chain shoulder models yields high kinematic accuracy for multiple motions
title_full Personalization of closed-chain shoulder models yields high kinematic accuracy for multiple motions
title_fullStr Personalization of closed-chain shoulder models yields high kinematic accuracy for multiple motions
title_full_unstemmed Personalization of closed-chain shoulder models yields high kinematic accuracy for multiple motions
title_short Personalization of closed-chain shoulder models yields high kinematic accuracy for multiple motions
title_sort personalization of closed chain shoulder models yields high kinematic accuracy for multiple motions
topic shoulder joint
musculoskeletal model
scapulothoracic kinematics
model personalization
optimization
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1547373/full
work_keys_str_mv AT clairevhammond personalizationofclosedchainshouldermodelsyieldshighkinematicaccuracyformultiplemotions
AT heathbhenninger personalizationofclosedchainshouldermodelsyieldshighkinematicaccuracyformultiplemotions
AT benjaminjfregly personalizationofclosedchainshouldermodelsyieldshighkinematicaccuracyformultiplemotions
AT jonathanagustafson personalizationofclosedchainshouldermodelsyieldshighkinematicaccuracyformultiplemotions