A five-gene qPCR signature can classify type 2 asthma comparably to microscopy of induced sputum from severe asthma patients

Asthma is a heterogenous disease characterized by airway inflammation and variable expiratory airflow limitation resulting in variable respiratory symptoms. Characterization of airway inflammation is important to choose the optimal treatment for severe asthma patients eligible for biological treatme...

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Main Authors: B. Toennesen, J. M. Schmid, B. S. Sørensen, M. Fricker, H. J. H. Hoffmann
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:European Clinical Respiratory Journal
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20018525.2023.2293318
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author B. Toennesen
J. M. Schmid
B. S. Sørensen
M. Fricker
H. J. H. Hoffmann
author_facet B. Toennesen
J. M. Schmid
B. S. Sørensen
M. Fricker
H. J. H. Hoffmann
author_sort B. Toennesen
collection DOAJ
description Asthma is a heterogenous disease characterized by airway inflammation and variable expiratory airflow limitation resulting in variable respiratory symptoms. Characterization of airway inflammation is important to choose the optimal treatment for severe asthma patients eligible for biological treatment. However, counting cells in induced sputum samples are a time-consuming process, highly dependent on personal skills. Replacing eosinophil and neutrophil cell counting with qPCR for transcripts of selected mast cell, and basophil genes may provide more reproducible results.Aims The objective of this study was to compare qPCR with microscopy in asthma endotyping.Methods A qPCR method measuring five mast cell/basophil genes was applied on induced sputum samples from 30 severe asthma patients and compared with microscopy. Target gene Ct-values (CPA3, GATA2, HDC, MS4A2, TPSAB1/TPSB2) were referenced to household β-actin Ct values as a measure of relative mRNA abundance of the target in each sample. Target/β-actin-ratios in eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic groups determined by microscopy with an eosinophil threshold of 3% in 400 cells were compared using Mann–Whitney U Test. Spearman´s correlations were used to test for correlation between targets vs. FENO and targets vs. blood eosinophil counts.Results The study demonstrated a statistical difference in relative mRNA abundance for four mast cell/basophil specific genes. CPA3, GATA2, HDC and MS4A2 were elevated in eosinophilic asthma versus non-eosinophilic asthma patients. The study found that GATA2, CPA3, MS4A2 and TPSAB1/TPSB2 transcripts are positively correlated with FENO. Neither the five mast cell genes nor the five-gene signature correlated with blood eosinophils. The five-gene signature with a target/β-actin-ratio cut-off ≥2 generated sensitivity = 87%, specificity = 94%, NPV = 88% and PPV = 92% compared to microscopy.Conclusion This study confirms the contribution of mast cells in the pathogenesis of EA and suggests that mast cell mRNA markers could be one of the biomarkers used to identify EA
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spelling doaj-art-81f475bb1b9f4c31bcbf95e583b489a02025-08-20T01:52:41ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEuropean Clinical Respiratory Journal2001-85252024-12-0111110.1080/20018525.2023.2293318A five-gene qPCR signature can classify type 2 asthma comparably to microscopy of induced sputum from severe asthma patientsB. Toennesen0J. M. Schmid1B. S. Sørensen2M. Fricker3H. J. H. Hoffmann4Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus, DenmarkSchool of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia & Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia, Newcastle, AustraliaDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus, DenmarkAsthma is a heterogenous disease characterized by airway inflammation and variable expiratory airflow limitation resulting in variable respiratory symptoms. Characterization of airway inflammation is important to choose the optimal treatment for severe asthma patients eligible for biological treatment. However, counting cells in induced sputum samples are a time-consuming process, highly dependent on personal skills. Replacing eosinophil and neutrophil cell counting with qPCR for transcripts of selected mast cell, and basophil genes may provide more reproducible results.Aims The objective of this study was to compare qPCR with microscopy in asthma endotyping.Methods A qPCR method measuring five mast cell/basophil genes was applied on induced sputum samples from 30 severe asthma patients and compared with microscopy. Target gene Ct-values (CPA3, GATA2, HDC, MS4A2, TPSAB1/TPSB2) were referenced to household β-actin Ct values as a measure of relative mRNA abundance of the target in each sample. Target/β-actin-ratios in eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic groups determined by microscopy with an eosinophil threshold of 3% in 400 cells were compared using Mann–Whitney U Test. Spearman´s correlations were used to test for correlation between targets vs. FENO and targets vs. blood eosinophil counts.Results The study demonstrated a statistical difference in relative mRNA abundance for four mast cell/basophil specific genes. CPA3, GATA2, HDC and MS4A2 were elevated in eosinophilic asthma versus non-eosinophilic asthma patients. The study found that GATA2, CPA3, MS4A2 and TPSAB1/TPSB2 transcripts are positively correlated with FENO. Neither the five mast cell genes nor the five-gene signature correlated with blood eosinophils. The five-gene signature with a target/β-actin-ratio cut-off ≥2 generated sensitivity = 87%, specificity = 94%, NPV = 88% and PPV = 92% compared to microscopy.Conclusion This study confirms the contribution of mast cells in the pathogenesis of EA and suggests that mast cell mRNA markers could be one of the biomarkers used to identify EAhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20018525.2023.2293318Asthmaendotypeallergyimmunologyinduced sputummast cell
spellingShingle B. Toennesen
J. M. Schmid
B. S. Sørensen
M. Fricker
H. J. H. Hoffmann
A five-gene qPCR signature can classify type 2 asthma comparably to microscopy of induced sputum from severe asthma patients
European Clinical Respiratory Journal
Asthma
endotype
allergy
immunology
induced sputum
mast cell
title A five-gene qPCR signature can classify type 2 asthma comparably to microscopy of induced sputum from severe asthma patients
title_full A five-gene qPCR signature can classify type 2 asthma comparably to microscopy of induced sputum from severe asthma patients
title_fullStr A five-gene qPCR signature can classify type 2 asthma comparably to microscopy of induced sputum from severe asthma patients
title_full_unstemmed A five-gene qPCR signature can classify type 2 asthma comparably to microscopy of induced sputum from severe asthma patients
title_short A five-gene qPCR signature can classify type 2 asthma comparably to microscopy of induced sputum from severe asthma patients
title_sort five gene qpcr signature can classify type 2 asthma comparably to microscopy of induced sputum from severe asthma patients
topic Asthma
endotype
allergy
immunology
induced sputum
mast cell
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20018525.2023.2293318
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