Köppen–Geiger climate classification across France based on an ensemble of high-resolution climate projections
Climate change will define new living and environmental conditions in many areas in the world, deeply affecting our societies. Public outreach on the impacts of climate change on societies and ecosystems is difficult, yet crucial for fostering mitigation and adaptation strategies. To quantify the cl...
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Académie des sciences
2024-06-01
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| Series: | Comptes Rendus. Géoscience |
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| Online Access: | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.5802/crgeos.263/ |
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| author | Strohmenger, Laurent Collet, Lila Andréassian, Vazken Corre, Lola Rousset, Fabienne Thirel, Guillaume |
| author_facet | Strohmenger, Laurent Collet, Lila Andréassian, Vazken Corre, Lola Rousset, Fabienne Thirel, Guillaume |
| author_sort | Strohmenger, Laurent |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate change will define new living and environmental conditions in many areas in the world, deeply affecting our societies. Public outreach on the impacts of climate change on societies and ecosystems is difficult, yet crucial for fostering mitigation and adaptation strategies. To quantify the climate change and communicate about it in easily-understandable terms, we used the climate classification system of Köppen–Geiger. 84 climate projections bias corrected with two methods were used to calculate Köppen–Geiger climate types at an 8-km resolution for 30-year periods from 1976 to 2099 in France. Moderate changes in climate types are expected in 2035 for approximately 20% of France, regardless of the emission scenario. However, major changes are expected after 2040 under RCP 8.5 for 86% of France, with a massive expansion of the temperate, hot summer with or without dry season, as well as the expansion of temperate climate in mountainous regions. We found that these changes could reach an average transition speed of 7 km·yr-1 northwards. These rapid changes will have unprecedented consequences on agriculture, biodiversity, water and energy management, not to mention on societies. Similar changes can be expected in other European countries that share the diverse climatic and topographical conditions found in France. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-81ebe032df764b15b12a333142d472eb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1778-7025 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Académie des sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Comptes Rendus. Géoscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-81ebe032df764b15b12a333142d472eb2025-02-07T10:41:12ZengAcadémie des sciencesComptes Rendus. Géoscience1778-70252024-06-01356G1678210.5802/crgeos.26310.5802/crgeos.263Köppen–Geiger climate classification across France based on an ensemble of high-resolution climate projectionsStrohmenger, Laurent0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4315-0968Collet, Lila1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2569-1509Andréassian, Vazken2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-9303Corre, Lola3Rousset, Fabienne4Thirel, Guillaume5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1444-1830Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, HYCAR Research Unit, Antony, FranceOSIRIS Department, EDF Research and Development Division, EDF Lab Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France; Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, HYCAR Research Unit, Antony, FranceUniversité Paris-Saclay, INRAE, HYCAR Research Unit, Antony, FranceCNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, FranceDirection de la Climatologie et des Services Climatiques, Météo-France, Toulouse, FranceCNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France; Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, HYCAR Research Unit, Antony, FranceClimate change will define new living and environmental conditions in many areas in the world, deeply affecting our societies. Public outreach on the impacts of climate change on societies and ecosystems is difficult, yet crucial for fostering mitigation and adaptation strategies. To quantify the climate change and communicate about it in easily-understandable terms, we used the climate classification system of Köppen–Geiger. 84 climate projections bias corrected with two methods were used to calculate Köppen–Geiger climate types at an 8-km resolution for 30-year periods from 1976 to 2099 in France. Moderate changes in climate types are expected in 2035 for approximately 20% of France, regardless of the emission scenario. However, major changes are expected after 2040 under RCP 8.5 for 86% of France, with a massive expansion of the temperate, hot summer with or without dry season, as well as the expansion of temperate climate in mountainous regions. We found that these changes could reach an average transition speed of 7 km·yr-1 northwards. These rapid changes will have unprecedented consequences on agriculture, biodiversity, water and energy management, not to mention on societies. Similar changes can be expected in other European countries that share the diverse climatic and topographical conditions found in France.https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.5802/crgeos.263/Climate changeClimate classificationTemperaturePrecipitationKöppen–GeigerClimate mapsMediterranean climate |
| spellingShingle | Strohmenger, Laurent Collet, Lila Andréassian, Vazken Corre, Lola Rousset, Fabienne Thirel, Guillaume Köppen–Geiger climate classification across France based on an ensemble of high-resolution climate projections Comptes Rendus. Géoscience Climate change Climate classification Temperature Precipitation Köppen–Geiger Climate maps Mediterranean climate |
| title | Köppen–Geiger climate classification across France based on an ensemble of high-resolution climate projections |
| title_full | Köppen–Geiger climate classification across France based on an ensemble of high-resolution climate projections |
| title_fullStr | Köppen–Geiger climate classification across France based on an ensemble of high-resolution climate projections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Köppen–Geiger climate classification across France based on an ensemble of high-resolution climate projections |
| title_short | Köppen–Geiger climate classification across France based on an ensemble of high-resolution climate projections |
| title_sort | koppen geiger climate classification across france based on an ensemble of high resolution climate projections |
| topic | Climate change Climate classification Temperature Precipitation Köppen–Geiger Climate maps Mediterranean climate |
| url | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.5802/crgeos.263/ |
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