Evolution of tandem repeats in putative circumsporozoite protein to enhance its function: A recent and exclusive event in Plasmodium vivax in India
Background: The hitchhiking model of molecular evolution proposes that linked non-coding regions also undergo fixation, while fixing a beneficial allele in a population. This concept can be applied to identify loci with functional and evolutionary significance. Putative circumsporozoite protein in P...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Current Research in Microbial Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666517425000938 |
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| author | Manoswini Dash Veena Pande Aparup Das Abhinav Sinha |
| author_facet | Manoswini Dash Veena Pande Aparup Das Abhinav Sinha |
| author_sort | Manoswini Dash |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The hitchhiking model of molecular evolution proposes that linked non-coding regions also undergo fixation, while fixing a beneficial allele in a population. This concept can be applied to identify loci with functional and evolutionary significance. Putative circumsporozoite protein in Plasmodium vivax (PvpuCSP) identified following the molecular hitchhiking model, holds evolutionary significance. Methods: We investigated the extent of genetic polymorphism in PvpuCSP and the role of natural selection which shapes the genetic composition and maintains the diversity in P. vivax isolates from India. Results: Sequencing the putative CSP of P. vivax (PvpuCSP) in 71 isolates collected from P. vivax endemic regions of India, revealed a well-conserved N- and C-terminal, constituting around 80 % of the gene. PCR amplification and sequencing validated extensive diversity in the repeat region, ranging from 1.8 to 2.2 kb towards the C-terminal, identifying 37 different alleles from 71 samples. Conclusions: The recent and exclusive accumulation of repeats in the putative circumsporozoite protein within Indian P. vivax highlights its highly variable length polymorphism, making it a potential marker for estimating diversity and infection complexity. Episodic diversifying selection in the PvpuCSP repeat region, supported by statistically significant p-values and likelihood ratios, contributes to amino acid diversity at various phylogenetic levels. Our previous systematic computational study proposed PvpuCSP as E3-ubiquitin ligase, and the observed diversity may facilitate adaptation to different ubiquitination-related interactions, though this remains to be experimentally validated. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-81c4ff40484e4afbadbe9a8dfe321321 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2666-5174 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Current Research in Microbial Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-81c4ff40484e4afbadbe9a8dfe3213212025-08-20T02:43:25ZengElsevierCurrent Research in Microbial Sciences2666-51742025-01-01910043210.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100432Evolution of tandem repeats in putative circumsporozoite protein to enhance its function: A recent and exclusive event in Plasmodium vivax in IndiaManoswini Dash0Veena Pande1Aparup Das2Abhinav Sinha3ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India; Centre for Aging, School of Medicine, Tulane University, LA, USADepartment of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, IndiaICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Sri Vijaya Puram, IndiaICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India; Corresponding author.Background: The hitchhiking model of molecular evolution proposes that linked non-coding regions also undergo fixation, while fixing a beneficial allele in a population. This concept can be applied to identify loci with functional and evolutionary significance. Putative circumsporozoite protein in Plasmodium vivax (PvpuCSP) identified following the molecular hitchhiking model, holds evolutionary significance. Methods: We investigated the extent of genetic polymorphism in PvpuCSP and the role of natural selection which shapes the genetic composition and maintains the diversity in P. vivax isolates from India. Results: Sequencing the putative CSP of P. vivax (PvpuCSP) in 71 isolates collected from P. vivax endemic regions of India, revealed a well-conserved N- and C-terminal, constituting around 80 % of the gene. PCR amplification and sequencing validated extensive diversity in the repeat region, ranging from 1.8 to 2.2 kb towards the C-terminal, identifying 37 different alleles from 71 samples. Conclusions: The recent and exclusive accumulation of repeats in the putative circumsporozoite protein within Indian P. vivax highlights its highly variable length polymorphism, making it a potential marker for estimating diversity and infection complexity. Episodic diversifying selection in the PvpuCSP repeat region, supported by statistically significant p-values and likelihood ratios, contributes to amino acid diversity at various phylogenetic levels. Our previous systematic computational study proposed PvpuCSP as E3-ubiquitin ligase, and the observed diversity may facilitate adaptation to different ubiquitination-related interactions, though this remains to be experimentally validated.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666517425000938Putative CSPSyntenyVNTRMolecular hitchhikingNatural selection |
| spellingShingle | Manoswini Dash Veena Pande Aparup Das Abhinav Sinha Evolution of tandem repeats in putative circumsporozoite protein to enhance its function: A recent and exclusive event in Plasmodium vivax in India Current Research in Microbial Sciences Putative CSP Synteny VNTR Molecular hitchhiking Natural selection |
| title | Evolution of tandem repeats in putative circumsporozoite protein to enhance its function: A recent and exclusive event in Plasmodium vivax in India |
| title_full | Evolution of tandem repeats in putative circumsporozoite protein to enhance its function: A recent and exclusive event in Plasmodium vivax in India |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of tandem repeats in putative circumsporozoite protein to enhance its function: A recent and exclusive event in Plasmodium vivax in India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of tandem repeats in putative circumsporozoite protein to enhance its function: A recent and exclusive event in Plasmodium vivax in India |
| title_short | Evolution of tandem repeats in putative circumsporozoite protein to enhance its function: A recent and exclusive event in Plasmodium vivax in India |
| title_sort | evolution of tandem repeats in putative circumsporozoite protein to enhance its function a recent and exclusive event in plasmodium vivax in india |
| topic | Putative CSP Synteny VNTR Molecular hitchhiking Natural selection |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666517425000938 |
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