Sensor Node Deployment Optimization for Continuous Coverage in WSNs
Optimizing sensor node coverage remains a central challenge in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where premature convergence and suboptimal solutions in traditional optimization methods often lead to coverage gaps and uneven node distribution. To address these issues, this paper presents a novel velo...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/12/3620 |
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| author | Haris Muhammad Haewoon Nam |
| author_facet | Haris Muhammad Haewoon Nam |
| author_sort | Haris Muhammad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optimizing sensor node coverage remains a central challenge in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where premature convergence and suboptimal solutions in traditional optimization methods often lead to coverage gaps and uneven node distribution. To address these issues, this paper presents a novel velocity-scaled adaptive search factor particle swarm optimization (VASF-PSO) algorithm that integrates dynamic mechanisms to enhance population diversity, guide the search process more effectively, and reduce uncovered areas. The proposed algorithm is evaluated through extensive simulations across multiple WSN deployment scenarios with varying node densities, sensing ranges, and monitoring area sizes. Comparative results demonstrate that the approach consistently outperforms several widely used metaheuristic algorithms, achieving faster convergence, better global exploration, and significantly improved coverage performance. On average, the proposed method yields up to 14.71% higher coverage rates than baseline techniques. These findings underscore the algorithm’s robustness and suitability for efficient and scalable WSN deployments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-81c1dd4f273e48d596b5d6d3843ee08d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-81c1dd4f273e48d596b5d6d3843ee08d2025-08-20T03:16:39ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-06-012512362010.3390/s25123620Sensor Node Deployment Optimization for Continuous Coverage in WSNsHaris Muhammad0Haewoon Nam1Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of KoreaOptimizing sensor node coverage remains a central challenge in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where premature convergence and suboptimal solutions in traditional optimization methods often lead to coverage gaps and uneven node distribution. To address these issues, this paper presents a novel velocity-scaled adaptive search factor particle swarm optimization (VASF-PSO) algorithm that integrates dynamic mechanisms to enhance population diversity, guide the search process more effectively, and reduce uncovered areas. The proposed algorithm is evaluated through extensive simulations across multiple WSN deployment scenarios with varying node densities, sensing ranges, and monitoring area sizes. Comparative results demonstrate that the approach consistently outperforms several widely used metaheuristic algorithms, achieving faster convergence, better global exploration, and significantly improved coverage performance. On average, the proposed method yields up to 14.71% higher coverage rates than baseline techniques. These findings underscore the algorithm’s robustness and suitability for efficient and scalable WSN deployments.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/12/3620particle swarm optimization (PSO)adaptive search factorfast convergencewireless sensor networkDelaunay triangulation |
| spellingShingle | Haris Muhammad Haewoon Nam Sensor Node Deployment Optimization for Continuous Coverage in WSNs Sensors particle swarm optimization (PSO) adaptive search factor fast convergence wireless sensor network Delaunay triangulation |
| title | Sensor Node Deployment Optimization for Continuous Coverage in WSNs |
| title_full | Sensor Node Deployment Optimization for Continuous Coverage in WSNs |
| title_fullStr | Sensor Node Deployment Optimization for Continuous Coverage in WSNs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sensor Node Deployment Optimization for Continuous Coverage in WSNs |
| title_short | Sensor Node Deployment Optimization for Continuous Coverage in WSNs |
| title_sort | sensor node deployment optimization for continuous coverage in wsns |
| topic | particle swarm optimization (PSO) adaptive search factor fast convergence wireless sensor network Delaunay triangulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/12/3620 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT harismuhammad sensornodedeploymentoptimizationforcontinuouscoverageinwsns AT haewoonnam sensornodedeploymentoptimizationforcontinuouscoverageinwsns |