Neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide

Homocysteine is a sulfhydryl-containing amino acid derived from methionine. The cellular concentration of homocysteine is regulated by two key pathways: remethylation back to methionine or transsulfuration to cysteine with simultaneous production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Homocysteine levels increa...

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Main Authors: G.F. Sitdikova, A. Hermann, A.V. Yakovlev
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Kazan Federal University 2018-12-01
Series:Учёные записки Казанского университета: Серия Естественные науки
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Online Access:https://kpfu.ru/neurotoxic-and-neuroprotective-effects-of_382307.html
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author G.F. Sitdikova
A. Hermann
A.V. Yakovlev
author_facet G.F. Sitdikova
A. Hermann
A.V. Yakovlev
author_sort G.F. Sitdikova
collection DOAJ
description Homocysteine is a sulfhydryl-containing amino acid derived from methionine. The cellular concentration of homocysteine is regulated by two key pathways: remethylation back to methionine or transsulfuration to cysteine with simultaneous production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Homocysteine levels increase in different conditions, including genetic factors, diet, life style or miscellaneous medication. Elevated levels of the homocysteine, called hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy), are associated with a higher risk of neurovascular diseases, dementia, developmental impairments or epilepsy. Oxidative stress is one of the common mechanisms of homocysteine-induced disorders. H2S as an established gasotransmitter implicated in the regulation of numerous physiological functions is also well-known for its neuroprotective potential. The recent data indicate that the level of H2S decreases in hHcy conditions, which may mediate homocysteine-induced neurotoxicity. This review summarizes the available data on homocysteine and H2S metabolism and mechanisms of H2S mediating neuroprotection and can be helpful in searching for ways to prevent homocysteine-induced neurotoxicity.
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issn 2542-064X
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publishDate 2018-12-01
publisher Kazan Federal University
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series Учёные записки Казанского университета: Серия Естественные науки
spelling doaj-art-81b3eae8aeb14f39b18fb3f6158701972025-08-20T02:56:11ZengKazan Federal UniversityУчёные записки Казанского университета: Серия Естественные науки2542-064X2500-218X2018-12-011604686704Neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of homocysteine and hydrogen sulfideG.F. Sitdikova0A. Hermann1A.V. Yakovlev2Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 RussiaUniversity of Salzburg, Salzburg, A-5020 AustriaKazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 RussiaHomocysteine is a sulfhydryl-containing amino acid derived from methionine. The cellular concentration of homocysteine is regulated by two key pathways: remethylation back to methionine or transsulfuration to cysteine with simultaneous production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Homocysteine levels increase in different conditions, including genetic factors, diet, life style or miscellaneous medication. Elevated levels of the homocysteine, called hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy), are associated with a higher risk of neurovascular diseases, dementia, developmental impairments or epilepsy. Oxidative stress is one of the common mechanisms of homocysteine-induced disorders. H2S as an established gasotransmitter implicated in the regulation of numerous physiological functions is also well-known for its neuroprotective potential. The recent data indicate that the level of H2S decreases in hHcy conditions, which may mediate homocysteine-induced neurotoxicity. This review summarizes the available data on homocysteine and H2S metabolism and mechanisms of H2S mediating neuroprotection and can be helpful in searching for ways to prevent homocysteine-induced neurotoxicity.https://kpfu.ru/neurotoxic-and-neuroprotective-effects-of_382307.htmlhomocysteinehyperhomocysteinemiacystathionine beta synthasehydrogen sulfideoxidative stressglutamate receptorsca2+-activated k+-channelsneurodegenerationcognitive dysfunctions
spellingShingle G.F. Sitdikova
A. Hermann
A.V. Yakovlev
Neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide
Учёные записки Казанского университета: Серия Естественные науки
homocysteine
hyperhomocysteinemia
cystathionine beta synthase
hydrogen sulfide
oxidative stress
glutamate receptors
ca2+-activated k+-channels
neurodegeneration
cognitive dysfunctions
title Neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide
title_full Neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide
title_fullStr Neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide
title_full_unstemmed Neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide
title_short Neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide
title_sort neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects of homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide
topic homocysteine
hyperhomocysteinemia
cystathionine beta synthase
hydrogen sulfide
oxidative stress
glutamate receptors
ca2+-activated k+-channels
neurodegeneration
cognitive dysfunctions
url https://kpfu.ru/neurotoxic-and-neuroprotective-effects-of_382307.html
work_keys_str_mv AT gfsitdikova neurotoxicandneuroprotectiveeffectsofhomocysteineandhydrogensulfide
AT ahermann neurotoxicandneuroprotectiveeffectsofhomocysteineandhydrogensulfide
AT avyakovlev neurotoxicandneuroprotectiveeffectsofhomocysteineandhydrogensulfide