The timing of differentiation of adult hippocampal neurons is crucial for spatial memory.

Adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus plays a critical role in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning. It remains unknown, however, how new neurons become functionally integrated into spatial circuits and contribute to hippocampus-mediated forms of learning and memory. To investigate these issues,...

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Main Authors: Stefano Farioli-Vecchioli, Daniele Saraulli, Marco Costanzi, Simone Pacioni, Irene Cinà, Massimiliano Aceti, Laura Micheli, Alberto Bacci, Vincenzo Cestari, Felice Tirone
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2008-10-01
Series:PLoS Biology
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.0060246&type=printable
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author Stefano Farioli-Vecchioli
Daniele Saraulli
Marco Costanzi
Simone Pacioni
Irene Cinà
Massimiliano Aceti
Laura Micheli
Alberto Bacci
Vincenzo Cestari
Felice Tirone
author_facet Stefano Farioli-Vecchioli
Daniele Saraulli
Marco Costanzi
Simone Pacioni
Irene Cinà
Massimiliano Aceti
Laura Micheli
Alberto Bacci
Vincenzo Cestari
Felice Tirone
author_sort Stefano Farioli-Vecchioli
collection DOAJ
description Adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus plays a critical role in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning. It remains unknown, however, how new neurons become functionally integrated into spatial circuits and contribute to hippocampus-mediated forms of learning and memory. To investigate these issues, we used a mouse model in which the differentiation of adult-generated dentate gyrus neurons can be anticipated by conditionally expressing the pro-differentiative gene PC3 (Tis21/BTG2) in nestin-positive progenitor cells. In contrast to previous studies that affected the number of newly generated neurons, this strategy selectively changes their timing of differentiation. New, adult-generated dentate gyrus progenitors, in which the PC3 transgene was expressed, showed accelerated differentiation and significantly reduced dendritic arborization and spine density. Functionally, this genetic manipulation specifically affected different hippocampus-dependent learning and memory tasks, including contextual fear conditioning, and selectively reduced synaptic plasticity in the dentate gyrus. Morphological and functional analyses of hippocampal neurons at different stages of differentiation, following transgene activation within defined time-windows, revealed that the new, adult-generated neurons up to 3-4 weeks of age are required not only to acquire new spatial information but also to use previously consolidated memories. Thus, the correct unwinding of these key memory functions, which can be an expression of the ability of adult-generated neurons to link subsequent events in memory circuits, is critically dependent on the correct timing of the initial stages of neuron maturation and connection to existing circuits.
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spelling doaj-art-818db678c7b54b29a76d2c0ac84a25432025-08-20T02:00:50ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Biology1544-91731545-78852008-10-01610e24610.1371/journal.pbio.0060246The timing of differentiation of adult hippocampal neurons is crucial for spatial memory.Stefano Farioli-VecchioliDaniele SaraulliMarco CostanziSimone PacioniIrene CinàMassimiliano AcetiLaura MicheliAlberto BacciVincenzo CestariFelice TironeAdult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus plays a critical role in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning. It remains unknown, however, how new neurons become functionally integrated into spatial circuits and contribute to hippocampus-mediated forms of learning and memory. To investigate these issues, we used a mouse model in which the differentiation of adult-generated dentate gyrus neurons can be anticipated by conditionally expressing the pro-differentiative gene PC3 (Tis21/BTG2) in nestin-positive progenitor cells. In contrast to previous studies that affected the number of newly generated neurons, this strategy selectively changes their timing of differentiation. New, adult-generated dentate gyrus progenitors, in which the PC3 transgene was expressed, showed accelerated differentiation and significantly reduced dendritic arborization and spine density. Functionally, this genetic manipulation specifically affected different hippocampus-dependent learning and memory tasks, including contextual fear conditioning, and selectively reduced synaptic plasticity in the dentate gyrus. Morphological and functional analyses of hippocampal neurons at different stages of differentiation, following transgene activation within defined time-windows, revealed that the new, adult-generated neurons up to 3-4 weeks of age are required not only to acquire new spatial information but also to use previously consolidated memories. Thus, the correct unwinding of these key memory functions, which can be an expression of the ability of adult-generated neurons to link subsequent events in memory circuits, is critically dependent on the correct timing of the initial stages of neuron maturation and connection to existing circuits.https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.0060246&type=printable
spellingShingle Stefano Farioli-Vecchioli
Daniele Saraulli
Marco Costanzi
Simone Pacioni
Irene Cinà
Massimiliano Aceti
Laura Micheli
Alberto Bacci
Vincenzo Cestari
Felice Tirone
The timing of differentiation of adult hippocampal neurons is crucial for spatial memory.
PLoS Biology
title The timing of differentiation of adult hippocampal neurons is crucial for spatial memory.
title_full The timing of differentiation of adult hippocampal neurons is crucial for spatial memory.
title_fullStr The timing of differentiation of adult hippocampal neurons is crucial for spatial memory.
title_full_unstemmed The timing of differentiation of adult hippocampal neurons is crucial for spatial memory.
title_short The timing of differentiation of adult hippocampal neurons is crucial for spatial memory.
title_sort timing of differentiation of adult hippocampal neurons is crucial for spatial memory
url https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.0060246&type=printable
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