Fentanyl or esketamine for traumatic pain (FORE-PAIN) trial: study protocol for a double-blind multi-arm randomized non-inferiority trial

Fentanyl or esketamine for traumatic pain (FORE-PAIN) trial: study protocol for a double-blind multi-arm randomized non-inferiority trial

Abstract Background Although fentanyl and esketamine, administered intravenously (IV) or intranasally (IN), are standard of care for treatment of acute traumatic pain in the prehospital setting in the Netherlands, comparative evidence regarding their efficacy and safety is lacking. Therefore, this s...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Midas N. de Grunt, Nurseda Risvanoglu, Johannes A. Siegers, Maurice A. G. M. Kroon, Maruschka P. Merkus, Markus W. Hollmann, Milan L. Ridderikhof, Robert P. Weenink
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:Trials
Subjects:
Fentanyl
Esketamine
Emergency medical services
Acute pain
Wounds and injuries
Analgesia
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-025-08869-9
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