Pre-cooling of boar semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafety
In a changing climate, the increase in temperature of boar semen doses during shipping to sow farms is a concern. Temperatures above the recommended storage range of 16–18°C for boar semen may compromise sperm quality due to bacterial growth and heat stress. The aim was to investigate whether coolin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1611562/full |
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| author | Florian Reckinger Anne-Marie Luther Jutta Verspohl Johann Lotz Artavia Dagmar Waberski |
| author_facet | Florian Reckinger Anne-Marie Luther Jutta Verspohl Johann Lotz Artavia Dagmar Waberski |
| author_sort | Florian Reckinger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In a changing climate, the increase in temperature of boar semen doses during shipping to sow farms is a concern. Temperatures above the recommended storage range of 16–18°C for boar semen may compromise sperm quality due to bacterial growth and heat stress. The aim was to investigate whether cooling semen doses to 5°C prior to simulated transport at an environmental temperature of 30°C could inhibit bacterial growth and maintain sperm quality. Extended semen was treated in three variants: with and without pre-cooling to 5°C before simulated transport the next day at 30°C, and a control held stationary at 17°C. Transport vibration was simulated by shaking the semen doses for 6 h on an orbital shaker. Thereafter, all samples were stored at 17°C for 144 h. Pre-cooling efficiently delayed exponential microbial growth in samples spiked with resistant bacterial species. Although sperm motility was reduced by ~13 % in the pre-cooled samples, minimum quality requirements were fulfilled. Sperm membrane and mitochondrial membrane potential were not affected by the treatment. In conclusion, pre-cooling of semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafety of semen doses, while maintaining quality standards for use in artificial insemination. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8170d81f6eb946ad8c21d2ba5df9c00c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-8170d81f6eb946ad8c21d2ba5df9c00c2025-08-20T03:33:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-07-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.16115621611562Pre-cooling of boar semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafetyFlorian Reckinger0Anne-Marie Luther1Jutta Verspohl2Johann Lotz Artavia3Dagmar Waberski4Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Swine and Small Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, GermanyUnit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Swine and Small Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, GermanyInstitute for Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, GermanyMejoramiento Porcino, Barva, Costa RicaUnit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Swine and Small Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, GermanyIn a changing climate, the increase in temperature of boar semen doses during shipping to sow farms is a concern. Temperatures above the recommended storage range of 16–18°C for boar semen may compromise sperm quality due to bacterial growth and heat stress. The aim was to investigate whether cooling semen doses to 5°C prior to simulated transport at an environmental temperature of 30°C could inhibit bacterial growth and maintain sperm quality. Extended semen was treated in three variants: with and without pre-cooling to 5°C before simulated transport the next day at 30°C, and a control held stationary at 17°C. Transport vibration was simulated by shaking the semen doses for 6 h on an orbital shaker. Thereafter, all samples were stored at 17°C for 144 h. Pre-cooling efficiently delayed exponential microbial growth in samples spiked with resistant bacterial species. Although sperm motility was reduced by ~13 % in the pre-cooled samples, minimum quality requirements were fulfilled. Sperm membrane and mitochondrial membrane potential were not affected by the treatment. In conclusion, pre-cooling of semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafety of semen doses, while maintaining quality standards for use in artificial insemination.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1611562/fullboar semenclimate changeresistant bacteriasemen transportvibration emissionsemen preservation |
| spellingShingle | Florian Reckinger Anne-Marie Luther Jutta Verspohl Johann Lotz Artavia Dagmar Waberski Pre-cooling of boar semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafety Frontiers in Microbiology boar semen climate change resistant bacteria semen transport vibration emission semen preservation |
| title | Pre-cooling of boar semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafety |
| title_full | Pre-cooling of boar semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafety |
| title_fullStr | Pre-cooling of boar semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafety |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pre-cooling of boar semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafety |
| title_short | Pre-cooling of boar semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafety |
| title_sort | pre cooling of boar semen before transport in a hot environment enhances biosafety |
| topic | boar semen climate change resistant bacteria semen transport vibration emission semen preservation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1611562/full |
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