Managing Irinotecan-Induced Diarrhea: A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Interventions in Cancer Treatment
Irinotecan (CPT-11), an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I, stands as a pivotal therapeutic agent in oncology. However, its use is primarily constrained by side effects such as neutropenia and the onset of delayed diarrhea. Despite the effective management of neutropenia, CPT-11-induced diarrhea (CID)...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/3/359 |
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| author | Xiaoqin Yang Jiamei Chen Yitao Wang Yihan Wu Jinming Zhang |
| author_facet | Xiaoqin Yang Jiamei Chen Yitao Wang Yihan Wu Jinming Zhang |
| author_sort | Xiaoqin Yang |
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| description | Irinotecan (CPT-11), an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I, stands as a pivotal therapeutic agent in oncology. However, its use is primarily constrained by side effects such as neutropenia and the onset of delayed diarrhea. Despite the effective management of neutropenia, CPT-11-induced diarrhea (CID) is often severe, leading to hospitalization, dosage adjustments, and in some cases, treatment discontinuation, which can significantly impact therapeutic outcomes. A multitude of pharmacological agents have been investigated in preclinical and clinical studies with the aim of reducing or preventing the onset of delayed diarrhea associated with CPT-11. This comprehensive review examines the underlying mechanisms of CPT-11-triggered delayed diarrhea and discusses the experimental medications and strategies that have been utilized to combat this adverse effect. This review encompasses an exploration of chemical formulations, the application of traditional Chinese medicine, and the advent of innovative drug delivery systems. It is anticipated that this article will serve as a valuable resource for both novice researchers in the realm of irinotecan chemotherapy and for those who are well-versed in the field, including experts and practicing clinicians. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-812a5c11bd554e84944262e338a4becc |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj-art-812a5c11bd554e84944262e338a4becc2025-08-20T01:48:49ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472025-03-0118335910.3390/ph18030359Managing Irinotecan-Induced Diarrhea: A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Interventions in Cancer TreatmentXiaoqin Yang0Jiamei Chen1Yitao Wang2Yihan Wu3Jinming Zhang4State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, ChinaIrinotecan (CPT-11), an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I, stands as a pivotal therapeutic agent in oncology. However, its use is primarily constrained by side effects such as neutropenia and the onset of delayed diarrhea. Despite the effective management of neutropenia, CPT-11-induced diarrhea (CID) is often severe, leading to hospitalization, dosage adjustments, and in some cases, treatment discontinuation, which can significantly impact therapeutic outcomes. A multitude of pharmacological agents have been investigated in preclinical and clinical studies with the aim of reducing or preventing the onset of delayed diarrhea associated with CPT-11. This comprehensive review examines the underlying mechanisms of CPT-11-triggered delayed diarrhea and discusses the experimental medications and strategies that have been utilized to combat this adverse effect. This review encompasses an exploration of chemical formulations, the application of traditional Chinese medicine, and the advent of innovative drug delivery systems. It is anticipated that this article will serve as a valuable resource for both novice researchers in the realm of irinotecan chemotherapy and for those who are well-versed in the field, including experts and practicing clinicians.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/3/359CPT-11(irinotecan)SN-38CPT-11-induced diarrhea (CID)diarrhea preventionclinical treatment |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoqin Yang Jiamei Chen Yitao Wang Yihan Wu Jinming Zhang Managing Irinotecan-Induced Diarrhea: A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Interventions in Cancer Treatment Pharmaceuticals CPT-11(irinotecan) SN-38 CPT-11-induced diarrhea (CID) diarrhea prevention clinical treatment |
| title | Managing Irinotecan-Induced Diarrhea: A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Interventions in Cancer Treatment |
| title_full | Managing Irinotecan-Induced Diarrhea: A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Interventions in Cancer Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Managing Irinotecan-Induced Diarrhea: A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Interventions in Cancer Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Managing Irinotecan-Induced Diarrhea: A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Interventions in Cancer Treatment |
| title_short | Managing Irinotecan-Induced Diarrhea: A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Interventions in Cancer Treatment |
| title_sort | managing irinotecan induced diarrhea a comprehensive review of therapeutic interventions in cancer treatment |
| topic | CPT-11(irinotecan) SN-38 CPT-11-induced diarrhea (CID) diarrhea prevention clinical treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/3/359 |
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