A new method for community-based intelligent screening of early Alzheimer’s disease populations based on digital biomarkers of the writing process

BackgroundIn response to the shortcomings of the current Alzheimer’s disease (AD) early populations assessment, which is based on neuropsychological scales with high subjectivity, low accuracy of repeated measurements, tedious process and dependence on physicians, it was found that digital biomarker...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shuwu Li, Kai Li, Jiakang Liu, Shouqiang Huang, Chen Wang, Yuting Tu, Bo Wang, Pengpeng Zhang, Yuntian Luo, Yanli Zhang, Tong Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncom.2025.1564932/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849695188257079296
author Shuwu Li
Kai Li
Kai Li
Jiakang Liu
Shouqiang Huang
Chen Wang
Yuting Tu
Bo Wang
Pengpeng Zhang
Yuntian Luo
Yanli Zhang
Yanli Zhang
Tong Chen
author_facet Shuwu Li
Kai Li
Kai Li
Jiakang Liu
Shouqiang Huang
Chen Wang
Yuting Tu
Bo Wang
Pengpeng Zhang
Yuntian Luo
Yanli Zhang
Yanli Zhang
Tong Chen
author_sort Shuwu Li
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundIn response to the shortcomings of the current Alzheimer’s disease (AD) early populations assessment, which is based on neuropsychological scales with high subjectivity, low accuracy of repeated measurements, tedious process and dependence on physicians, it was found that digital biomarkers based on the writing process can effectively characterize the cognitive deficits of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD.MethodsThis study designed a digital writing assessment paradigm, extracted dynamic handwriting and image data during the paradigm assessment process, and analyzed digital biomarkers of the writing process to assess subjects’ cognitive functions. A total of 72 subjects, including 34 health controls (HC) and 38 MCI due to AD, were enrolled in this study.ResultsTheir combined screening efficacy of digital biomarkers based on the MCI writing process due to AD populations having an area under curve (AUC) of 0.918, and a confidence interval (CI) of 0.854–0.982, was higher than the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (AUC = 0.859, CI = 0.772–0.947) and the Mini-mental State Examination Scale (AUC = 0.783, CI = 0.678–0.888).ConclusionTherefore, digital biomarkers based on the writing process can characterize and quantify the cognitive function of MCI due to AD populations at a fine-grained level, which is expected to be a new method for intelligent screening and early warning of early AD populations in a community-based physician-free setting.
format Article
id doaj-art-8088454f8e71453aa7ef8ef462bbca6f
institution DOAJ
issn 1662-5188
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
spelling doaj-art-8088454f8e71453aa7ef8ef462bbca6f2025-08-20T03:19:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience1662-51882025-06-011910.3389/fncom.2025.15649321564932A new method for community-based intelligent screening of early Alzheimer’s disease populations based on digital biomarkers of the writing processShuwu Li0Kai Li1Kai Li2Jiakang Liu3Shouqiang Huang4Chen Wang5Yuting Tu6Bo Wang7Pengpeng Zhang8Yuntian Luo9Yanli Zhang10Yanli Zhang11Tong Chen12School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Information Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, ChinaZhejiang Engineering Research Center for Brain Cognition and Brain Diseases Digital Medical Instruments, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Information Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Information Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Information Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, ChinaZhejiang Engineering Research Center for Brain Cognition and Brain Diseases Digital Medical Instruments, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, ChinaBackgroundIn response to the shortcomings of the current Alzheimer’s disease (AD) early populations assessment, which is based on neuropsychological scales with high subjectivity, low accuracy of repeated measurements, tedious process and dependence on physicians, it was found that digital biomarkers based on the writing process can effectively characterize the cognitive deficits of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD.MethodsThis study designed a digital writing assessment paradigm, extracted dynamic handwriting and image data during the paradigm assessment process, and analyzed digital biomarkers of the writing process to assess subjects’ cognitive functions. A total of 72 subjects, including 34 health controls (HC) and 38 MCI due to AD, were enrolled in this study.ResultsTheir combined screening efficacy of digital biomarkers based on the MCI writing process due to AD populations having an area under curve (AUC) of 0.918, and a confidence interval (CI) of 0.854–0.982, was higher than the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (AUC = 0.859, CI = 0.772–0.947) and the Mini-mental State Examination Scale (AUC = 0.783, CI = 0.678–0.888).ConclusionTherefore, digital biomarkers based on the writing process can characterize and quantify the cognitive function of MCI due to AD populations at a fine-grained level, which is expected to be a new method for intelligent screening and early warning of early AD populations in a community-based physician-free setting.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncom.2025.1564932/fullmild cognitive impairmentAlzheimer’s diseasedigital biomarkersearly warningwriting
spellingShingle Shuwu Li
Kai Li
Kai Li
Jiakang Liu
Shouqiang Huang
Chen Wang
Yuting Tu
Bo Wang
Pengpeng Zhang
Yuntian Luo
Yanli Zhang
Yanli Zhang
Tong Chen
A new method for community-based intelligent screening of early Alzheimer’s disease populations based on digital biomarkers of the writing process
Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
mild cognitive impairment
Alzheimer’s disease
digital biomarkers
early warning
writing
title A new method for community-based intelligent screening of early Alzheimer’s disease populations based on digital biomarkers of the writing process
title_full A new method for community-based intelligent screening of early Alzheimer’s disease populations based on digital biomarkers of the writing process
title_fullStr A new method for community-based intelligent screening of early Alzheimer’s disease populations based on digital biomarkers of the writing process
title_full_unstemmed A new method for community-based intelligent screening of early Alzheimer’s disease populations based on digital biomarkers of the writing process
title_short A new method for community-based intelligent screening of early Alzheimer’s disease populations based on digital biomarkers of the writing process
title_sort new method for community based intelligent screening of early alzheimer s disease populations based on digital biomarkers of the writing process
topic mild cognitive impairment
Alzheimer’s disease
digital biomarkers
early warning
writing
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncom.2025.1564932/full
work_keys_str_mv AT shuwuli anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT kaili anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT kaili anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT jiakangliu anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT shouqianghuang anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT chenwang anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT yutingtu anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT bowang anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT pengpengzhang anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT yuntianluo anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT yanlizhang anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT yanlizhang anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT tongchen anewmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT shuwuli newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT kaili newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT kaili newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT jiakangliu newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT shouqianghuang newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT chenwang newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT yutingtu newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT bowang newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT pengpengzhang newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT yuntianluo newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT yanlizhang newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT yanlizhang newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess
AT tongchen newmethodforcommunitybasedintelligentscreeningofearlyalzheimersdiseasepopulationsbasedondigitalbiomarkersofthewritingprocess