Genetic diversity of Gymnocypris firmispinatus: Insights from microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA among wild, broodstock source, and broodstock populations
This study provides an analysis of the genetic diversity and population structure of Gymnocypris firmispinatus, a fish species endemic to the upper Yangtze River. Genetic evaluations were conducted using both microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers across three distinct populations: wil...
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Elsevier
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235251342500153X |
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| author | Huke He Haifeng Tian Xiaodong Wang Liang Peng Liqiao Zhong Pengzhi Qi Baoshan Ma |
| author_facet | Huke He Haifeng Tian Xiaodong Wang Liang Peng Liqiao Zhong Pengzhi Qi Baoshan Ma |
| author_sort | Huke He |
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| description | This study provides an analysis of the genetic diversity and population structure of Gymnocypris firmispinatus, a fish species endemic to the upper Yangtze River. Genetic evaluations were conducted using both microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers across three distinct populations: wild, broodstock source, and broodstock. The results show that genetic diversity is relatively uniform across these groups, with no significant differences observed in diversity levels. The wild population had an average of 15.889 alleles per locus, the broodstock source population had an average of 16.444 alleles per locus, and the broodstock population had an average of 13.778 alleles per locus, with an average polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.883. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) averaged 0.729 and 0.894, respectively. mtDNA (5’-Cyt b + D-loop-3’) analysis revealed 36 haplotypes with an overall haplotype diversity (h) of 0.901 and an overall nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.00476. Genetic differentiation was significant, particularly between the wild and broodstock populations, as indicated by high Fst values for both microsatellite and mtDNA markers. The broodstock population presented a high level of diversity with microsatellite markers (Ho = 0.737, He = 0.798, PIC = 0.769), whereas mtDNA markers presented comparatively lower diversity (h = 0.563, π = 0.00079). This contrast highlights the importance of using both marker types to gain a complete understanding of the genetic structure of populations. The reduced mtDNA diversity is likely due to its smaller effective population size and greater susceptibility to genetic drift, given its maternal inheritance. These findings suggest that stock enhancement release activities can help preserve the genetic diversity of the G. firmispinatus population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-806759d58fd844f7828d5824c0cbefb2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2352-5134 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Aquaculture Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-806759d58fd844f7828d5824c0cbefb22025-08-20T03:45:47ZengElsevierAquaculture Reports2352-51342025-07-014210276710.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102767Genetic diversity of Gymnocypris firmispinatus: Insights from microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA among wild, broodstock source, and broodstock populationsHuke He0Haifeng Tian1Xiaodong Wang2Liang Peng3Liqiao Zhong4Pengzhi Qi5Baoshan Ma6National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316004, China; National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan 430223, ChinaNational Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan 430223, ChinaFaculty of Agriculture, Forest and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan 644007, ChinaNational Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan 430223, ChinaNational Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan 430223, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316004, China; Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, China; Corresponding author at: National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316004, China.National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan 430223, China; Corresponding author.This study provides an analysis of the genetic diversity and population structure of Gymnocypris firmispinatus, a fish species endemic to the upper Yangtze River. Genetic evaluations were conducted using both microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers across three distinct populations: wild, broodstock source, and broodstock. The results show that genetic diversity is relatively uniform across these groups, with no significant differences observed in diversity levels. The wild population had an average of 15.889 alleles per locus, the broodstock source population had an average of 16.444 alleles per locus, and the broodstock population had an average of 13.778 alleles per locus, with an average polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.883. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) averaged 0.729 and 0.894, respectively. mtDNA (5’-Cyt b + D-loop-3’) analysis revealed 36 haplotypes with an overall haplotype diversity (h) of 0.901 and an overall nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.00476. Genetic differentiation was significant, particularly between the wild and broodstock populations, as indicated by high Fst values for both microsatellite and mtDNA markers. The broodstock population presented a high level of diversity with microsatellite markers (Ho = 0.737, He = 0.798, PIC = 0.769), whereas mtDNA markers presented comparatively lower diversity (h = 0.563, π = 0.00079). This contrast highlights the importance of using both marker types to gain a complete understanding of the genetic structure of populations. The reduced mtDNA diversity is likely due to its smaller effective population size and greater susceptibility to genetic drift, given its maternal inheritance. These findings suggest that stock enhancement release activities can help preserve the genetic diversity of the G. firmispinatus population.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235251342500153XGymnocypris firmispinatusMolecular markersGenetic diversityPopulation structureStock enhancement release activities |
| spellingShingle | Huke He Haifeng Tian Xiaodong Wang Liang Peng Liqiao Zhong Pengzhi Qi Baoshan Ma Genetic diversity of Gymnocypris firmispinatus: Insights from microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA among wild, broodstock source, and broodstock populations Aquaculture Reports Gymnocypris firmispinatus Molecular markers Genetic diversity Population structure Stock enhancement release activities |
| title | Genetic diversity of Gymnocypris firmispinatus: Insights from microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA among wild, broodstock source, and broodstock populations |
| title_full | Genetic diversity of Gymnocypris firmispinatus: Insights from microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA among wild, broodstock source, and broodstock populations |
| title_fullStr | Genetic diversity of Gymnocypris firmispinatus: Insights from microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA among wild, broodstock source, and broodstock populations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic diversity of Gymnocypris firmispinatus: Insights from microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA among wild, broodstock source, and broodstock populations |
| title_short | Genetic diversity of Gymnocypris firmispinatus: Insights from microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA among wild, broodstock source, and broodstock populations |
| title_sort | genetic diversity of gymnocypris firmispinatus insights from microsatellites and mitochondrial dna among wild broodstock source and broodstock populations |
| topic | Gymnocypris firmispinatus Molecular markers Genetic diversity Population structure Stock enhancement release activities |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235251342500153X |
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