Enhancing Log-Likelihood Ratios with Mutual Information on Three-Reader One-Track Detection in Staggered BPMR Systems
Because so much information is currently being shared online, there has been a sharp rise in the need for data storage devices over the past ten years. The main storage option is the hard disk drive (HDD), which is less expensive than some other types of data storage. Physical constraints, such as t...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| author | Natthakan Rueangnetr Santi Koonkarnkhai Piya Kovintavewat Simon John Greaves Chanon Warisarn |
| author_facet | Natthakan Rueangnetr Santi Koonkarnkhai Piya Kovintavewat Simon John Greaves Chanon Warisarn |
| author_sort | Natthakan Rueangnetr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Because so much information is currently being shared online, there has been a sharp rise in the need for data storage devices over the past ten years. The main storage option is the hard disk drive (HDD), which is less expensive than some other types of data storage. Physical constraints, such as the superparamagnetic limit, are difficult to overcome using existing HDD technology. Consequently, bit-patterned magnetic recording (BPMR) has emerged as a potential solution, offering higher areal densities whilst maintaining thermal stability. Nevertheless, BPMR poses new challenges, such as inter-symbol interference and inter-track interference. Consequently, a number of approaches, such as staggered island layouts and array-reader magnetic recording, have been proposed to overcome these issues. However, this article proposes a three-reader one-track detection method to enhance data retrieval in a staggered BPMR system. Leveraging three-track reading for one-track detection, we obtain three readback signals that function as mutual data sequences. This substantially enhances the detection process in one-dimensional partial-response maximum-likelihood channels. Next, using these mutual data sequences, four novel techniques are presented to enhance bit-error rate (BER) performance and detection accuracy: hard-information flipping, maximum soft-information finding, bit-summation detection, and multilayer perceptron (MLP). This study shows that these proposed techniques can provide better BER performance compared with conventional methods and that the MLP is the most effective technique in enhancing system performance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-805224d4d7764fc0a7c2e9efa4573337 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-805224d4d7764fc0a7c2e9efa45733372025-08-20T02:57:41ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-02-01155232910.3390/app15052329Enhancing Log-Likelihood Ratios with Mutual Information on Three-Reader One-Track Detection in Staggered BPMR SystemsNatthakan Rueangnetr0Santi Koonkarnkhai1Piya Kovintavewat2Simon John Greaves3Chanon Warisarn4College of Advanced Manufacturing Innovation, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, ThailandFaculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, ThailandFaculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, ThailandResearch Institute of Electrical Communication (RIEC), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, JapanCollege of Advanced Manufacturing Innovation, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, ThailandBecause so much information is currently being shared online, there has been a sharp rise in the need for data storage devices over the past ten years. The main storage option is the hard disk drive (HDD), which is less expensive than some other types of data storage. Physical constraints, such as the superparamagnetic limit, are difficult to overcome using existing HDD technology. Consequently, bit-patterned magnetic recording (BPMR) has emerged as a potential solution, offering higher areal densities whilst maintaining thermal stability. Nevertheless, BPMR poses new challenges, such as inter-symbol interference and inter-track interference. Consequently, a number of approaches, such as staggered island layouts and array-reader magnetic recording, have been proposed to overcome these issues. However, this article proposes a three-reader one-track detection method to enhance data retrieval in a staggered BPMR system. Leveraging three-track reading for one-track detection, we obtain three readback signals that function as mutual data sequences. This substantially enhances the detection process in one-dimensional partial-response maximum-likelihood channels. Next, using these mutual data sequences, four novel techniques are presented to enhance bit-error rate (BER) performance and detection accuracy: hard-information flipping, maximum soft-information finding, bit-summation detection, and multilayer perceptron (MLP). This study shows that these proposed techniques can provide better BER performance compared with conventional methods and that the MLP is the most effective technique in enhancing system performance.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/5/2329bit-patterned magnetic recording (BPMR)log-likelihood ratio (LLR)multilayer perceptron (MLP)multi-track multi-headmutual information |
| spellingShingle | Natthakan Rueangnetr Santi Koonkarnkhai Piya Kovintavewat Simon John Greaves Chanon Warisarn Enhancing Log-Likelihood Ratios with Mutual Information on Three-Reader One-Track Detection in Staggered BPMR Systems Applied Sciences bit-patterned magnetic recording (BPMR) log-likelihood ratio (LLR) multilayer perceptron (MLP) multi-track multi-head mutual information |
| title | Enhancing Log-Likelihood Ratios with Mutual Information on Three-Reader One-Track Detection in Staggered BPMR Systems |
| title_full | Enhancing Log-Likelihood Ratios with Mutual Information on Three-Reader One-Track Detection in Staggered BPMR Systems |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing Log-Likelihood Ratios with Mutual Information on Three-Reader One-Track Detection in Staggered BPMR Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing Log-Likelihood Ratios with Mutual Information on Three-Reader One-Track Detection in Staggered BPMR Systems |
| title_short | Enhancing Log-Likelihood Ratios with Mutual Information on Three-Reader One-Track Detection in Staggered BPMR Systems |
| title_sort | enhancing log likelihood ratios with mutual information on three reader one track detection in staggered bpmr systems |
| topic | bit-patterned magnetic recording (BPMR) log-likelihood ratio (LLR) multilayer perceptron (MLP) multi-track multi-head mutual information |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/5/2329 |
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