Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Spanish Sheep Cheese: A Study on the Relationships between Ripening Times, Geographical Origins, Textural Parameters, and MRI Parameters

The evolution of structural changes and the textural features during the ripening process of four varieties of Spanish sheep cheese were studied using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Specifically, longitudinal (<i>T</i><sub>1</sub>) and transverse (<i>T</i><s...

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Main Authors: José Segura, María Encarnación Fernández-Valle, Karen Paola Cruz-Díaz, María Dolores Romero-de-Ávila, David Castejón, Víctor Remiro, María Isabel Cambero
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Foods
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/20/3225
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author José Segura
María Encarnación Fernández-Valle
Karen Paola Cruz-Díaz
María Dolores Romero-de-Ávila
David Castejón
Víctor Remiro
María Isabel Cambero
author_facet José Segura
María Encarnación Fernández-Valle
Karen Paola Cruz-Díaz
María Dolores Romero-de-Ávila
David Castejón
Víctor Remiro
María Isabel Cambero
author_sort José Segura
collection DOAJ
description The evolution of structural changes and the textural features during the ripening process of four varieties of Spanish sheep cheese were studied using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Specifically, longitudinal (<i>T</i><sub>1</sub>) and transverse (<i>T</i><sub>2</sub>) relaxation times and apparent diffusion coefficient maps were analyzed. Also, proton density was used to improve the description of the structure of the cheeses. The MRI results displayed important information about cheese matrix structure, associated with different manufacturing processes (industrial vs. traditional), ripening times (RTs, from 2 to 180 days), and geographical origins. A significant interaction between RT and cheese variety related to the variations in physicochemical and textural parameters was found. Linear regression models were developed per the abundant literature. Logarithmic regression models showed the highest R<sup>2</sup> when monitoring the dependency on <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>T</i><sub>2</sub> parameters of water content, water activity, RT, and some texture parameters. Therefore, these results support that MRI is a useful technology to monitor the ripening process, predict textural behavior and physicochemical variables, and characterize the structure of different varieties of sheep cheese.
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spelling doaj-art-800d3ecac69248d8a431370da11a09432025-08-20T02:11:12ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582024-10-011320322510.3390/foods13203225Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Spanish Sheep Cheese: A Study on the Relationships between Ripening Times, Geographical Origins, Textural Parameters, and MRI ParametersJosé Segura0María Encarnación Fernández-Valle1Karen Paola Cruz-Díaz2María Dolores Romero-de-Ávila3David Castejón4Víctor Remiro5María Isabel Cambero6Food Technology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainICTS Complutense Bioimaging (BioImac), Research Assistance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainFood Technology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainFood Technology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainICTS Complutense Bioimaging (BioImac), Research Assistance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainFood Technology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainFood Technology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainThe evolution of structural changes and the textural features during the ripening process of four varieties of Spanish sheep cheese were studied using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Specifically, longitudinal (<i>T</i><sub>1</sub>) and transverse (<i>T</i><sub>2</sub>) relaxation times and apparent diffusion coefficient maps were analyzed. Also, proton density was used to improve the description of the structure of the cheeses. The MRI results displayed important information about cheese matrix structure, associated with different manufacturing processes (industrial vs. traditional), ripening times (RTs, from 2 to 180 days), and geographical origins. A significant interaction between RT and cheese variety related to the variations in physicochemical and textural parameters was found. Linear regression models were developed per the abundant literature. Logarithmic regression models showed the highest R<sup>2</sup> when monitoring the dependency on <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>T</i><sub>2</sub> parameters of water content, water activity, RT, and some texture parameters. Therefore, these results support that MRI is a useful technology to monitor the ripening process, predict textural behavior and physicochemical variables, and characterize the structure of different varieties of sheep cheese.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/20/3225sheep cheeseripening timemanufacturing processgeographical originMRItextural parameter
spellingShingle José Segura
María Encarnación Fernández-Valle
Karen Paola Cruz-Díaz
María Dolores Romero-de-Ávila
David Castejón
Víctor Remiro
María Isabel Cambero
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Spanish Sheep Cheese: A Study on the Relationships between Ripening Times, Geographical Origins, Textural Parameters, and MRI Parameters
Foods
sheep cheese
ripening time
manufacturing process
geographical origin
MRI
textural parameter
title Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Spanish Sheep Cheese: A Study on the Relationships between Ripening Times, Geographical Origins, Textural Parameters, and MRI Parameters
title_full Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Spanish Sheep Cheese: A Study on the Relationships between Ripening Times, Geographical Origins, Textural Parameters, and MRI Parameters
title_fullStr Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Spanish Sheep Cheese: A Study on the Relationships between Ripening Times, Geographical Origins, Textural Parameters, and MRI Parameters
title_full_unstemmed Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Spanish Sheep Cheese: A Study on the Relationships between Ripening Times, Geographical Origins, Textural Parameters, and MRI Parameters
title_short Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Spanish Sheep Cheese: A Study on the Relationships between Ripening Times, Geographical Origins, Textural Parameters, and MRI Parameters
title_sort magnetic resonance imaging mri of spanish sheep cheese a study on the relationships between ripening times geographical origins textural parameters and mri parameters
topic sheep cheese
ripening time
manufacturing process
geographical origin
MRI
textural parameter
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/20/3225
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