Aflatoxin evaluation and integrated management strategies to minimize toxin contamination in maize and peanuts
Commercial varieties of maize and peanuts are highly prone to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination at pre and postharvest stages. In a screening of 600 samples each of maize and peanuts from Tamil Nadu, India, for the mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 28 and 32.67 % of the maize and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Agriculture and Food Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325001802 |
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| author | Muthusamy Karthikeyan Shanmuga Priya Dhanabalan Bavish Shanmugavel Shajith Basha Jaffer Subbaiyan Marimuthu Krishnan Radhika Elakkiya Nagappan Iruthayasamy Johnson Sambasivam Periyannan |
| author_facet | Muthusamy Karthikeyan Shanmuga Priya Dhanabalan Bavish Shanmugavel Shajith Basha Jaffer Subbaiyan Marimuthu Krishnan Radhika Elakkiya Nagappan Iruthayasamy Johnson Sambasivam Periyannan |
| author_sort | Muthusamy Karthikeyan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Commercial varieties of maize and peanuts are highly prone to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination at pre and postharvest stages. In a screening of 600 samples each of maize and peanuts from Tamil Nadu, India, for the mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 28 and 32.67 % of the maize and peanut samples tested positive, where 6 and 9.5 % of both pre and postharvest maize and peanut samples exceeded the minimum threshold level of 20 μg/kg. The highest level of AFB1 was recorded as 147.23 and 162.72 μg/kg in maize and peanut and in postharvest samples. Additionally, a high number of positive samples in postharvest and Rabi season crops indicates the influence of moisture on A. flavus proliferation and toxin production. Effective preharvest management practices include the integrated use of biocontrol agents such as Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtilis, while postharvest measures involve drying of harvest produce (with moisture content below 9 %), treatment with Andrographis paniculata extracts and storage in jute bags. Further, our findings emphasize the integration of pre and postharvest management strategies to mitigate A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination in maize and peanuts, thereby ensuring food security for the growing human population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7fed3536f52d4979a1de993e91798bf0 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2666-1543 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Agriculture and Food Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-7fed3536f52d4979a1de993e91798bf02025-08-20T03:10:24ZengElsevierJournal of Agriculture and Food Research2666-15432025-06-012110180910.1016/j.jafr.2025.101809Aflatoxin evaluation and integrated management strategies to minimize toxin contamination in maize and peanutsMuthusamy Karthikeyan0Shanmuga Priya Dhanabalan1Bavish Shanmugavel2Shajith Basha Jaffer3Subbaiyan Marimuthu4Krishnan Radhika5Elakkiya Nagappan6Iruthayasamy Johnson7Sambasivam Periyannan8Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India; Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, AustraliaDepartment of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, IndiaAgro Climate Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India; Centre for Applied Climate Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, AustraliaDepartment of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, IndiaCentre for Applied Climate Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia; National Pulses Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vamban, Tamil Nadu, 622303, IndiaDepartment of Agricultural Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641035, IndiaCentral Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600028, IndiaDepartment of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India; Corresponding author. Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India.Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia; Corresponding author. Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia.Commercial varieties of maize and peanuts are highly prone to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination at pre and postharvest stages. In a screening of 600 samples each of maize and peanuts from Tamil Nadu, India, for the mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 28 and 32.67 % of the maize and peanut samples tested positive, where 6 and 9.5 % of both pre and postharvest maize and peanut samples exceeded the minimum threshold level of 20 μg/kg. The highest level of AFB1 was recorded as 147.23 and 162.72 μg/kg in maize and peanut and in postharvest samples. Additionally, a high number of positive samples in postharvest and Rabi season crops indicates the influence of moisture on A. flavus proliferation and toxin production. Effective preharvest management practices include the integrated use of biocontrol agents such as Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtilis, while postharvest measures involve drying of harvest produce (with moisture content below 9 %), treatment with Andrographis paniculata extracts and storage in jute bags. Further, our findings emphasize the integration of pre and postharvest management strategies to mitigate A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination in maize and peanuts, thereby ensuring food security for the growing human population.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325001802MaizePeanutsAspergillus flavusAflatoxinPacking methodsPlant products |
| spellingShingle | Muthusamy Karthikeyan Shanmuga Priya Dhanabalan Bavish Shanmugavel Shajith Basha Jaffer Subbaiyan Marimuthu Krishnan Radhika Elakkiya Nagappan Iruthayasamy Johnson Sambasivam Periyannan Aflatoxin evaluation and integrated management strategies to minimize toxin contamination in maize and peanuts Journal of Agriculture and Food Research Maize Peanuts Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxin Packing methods Plant products |
| title | Aflatoxin evaluation and integrated management strategies to minimize toxin contamination in maize and peanuts |
| title_full | Aflatoxin evaluation and integrated management strategies to minimize toxin contamination in maize and peanuts |
| title_fullStr | Aflatoxin evaluation and integrated management strategies to minimize toxin contamination in maize and peanuts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aflatoxin evaluation and integrated management strategies to minimize toxin contamination in maize and peanuts |
| title_short | Aflatoxin evaluation and integrated management strategies to minimize toxin contamination in maize and peanuts |
| title_sort | aflatoxin evaluation and integrated management strategies to minimize toxin contamination in maize and peanuts |
| topic | Maize Peanuts Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxin Packing methods Plant products |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325001802 |
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