Prevalence and Determinants of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Pediatric Household Contacts of Microbiologically Confirmed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Neyyattinkara TB Unit, South Kerala, India
Background and objectives: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) affects one-third of all mankind and is the reservoir for a significant proportion of emerging active tuberculosis (TB) cases in the future. The detection and management of TB infection is one of the key components of the WHO's End...
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| Language: | English |
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Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Respiratory Care |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ijrc.in/doi/IJRC/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-11010-1168 |
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| author | Ananya S Willsraj Suba Joice Y Dishan Blessed Singh Ajin Chandran |
| author_facet | Ananya S Willsraj Suba Joice Y Dishan Blessed Singh Ajin Chandran |
| author_sort | Ananya S Willsraj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and objectives: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) affects one-third of all mankind and is the reservoir for a significant proportion of emerging active tuberculosis (TB) cases in the future. The detection and management of TB infection is one of the key components of the WHO's End TB Strategy and the government of Kerala's “Akshaya Keralam” for action on TB prevention and control. The vulnerable group, children especially 5–15-year-old household contacts (HHC), are at risk of developing LTBI.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 90 pediatric HHC (5–15 years) of 48 microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB patients notified in Neyyattinkara TB unit from March 2021 to July 2022. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS trial version 26. All qualitative and quantitative variables were expressed as frequency and percentages, and using mean and standard deviation, respectively. <i>p</i>-value < 0.05 or 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was considered statistically significant.
Results: The proportion of LTBI among pediatric HHC of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB patients was found to be 24.4% (95% CI: 15.53–28.93), and the proportion of LTBI in pediatric HHC among index cases was 45.8% (95% CI: 35.51–56.09). Of the selected sociodemographic factors studied, male gender compared to female had a high proportion of having LTBI, which was close to significance.
Conclusion: A high proportion of LTBI was found among pediatric HHC exposed to an index TB case. The detection and prophylactic treatment of LTBI cases play a pivotal role in the control and prevention of pediatric TB, which ultimately helps to achieve the elimination of TB. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7fe04f8899cd4beea7e2479d4324c024 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2277-9019 2321-4899 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Respiratory Care |
| spelling | doaj-art-7fe04f8899cd4beea7e2479d4324c0242025-08-20T03:41:14ZengJaypee Brothers Medical PublisherIndian Journal of Respiratory Care2277-90192321-48992025-05-01141313510.5005/jp-journals-11010-11687Prevalence and Determinants of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Pediatric Household Contacts of Microbiologically Confirmed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Neyyattinkara TB Unit, South Kerala, IndiaAnanya S Willsraj0Suba Joice1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2939-6603Y Dishan2Blessed Singh3Ajin Chandran4Department of Community Medicine, Travancore Medical College, Kollam, Kerala, IndiaSuba Joice, Department of Community Medicine, Dr Somervell Memorial CSI Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Phone: +91 9791759010Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr Somervell Memorial CSI Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Community Medicine, Dr Somervell Memorial CSI Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Travancore Medical College, Kollam, Kerala, IndiaBackground and objectives: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) affects one-third of all mankind and is the reservoir for a significant proportion of emerging active tuberculosis (TB) cases in the future. The detection and management of TB infection is one of the key components of the WHO's End TB Strategy and the government of Kerala's “Akshaya Keralam” for action on TB prevention and control. The vulnerable group, children especially 5–15-year-old household contacts (HHC), are at risk of developing LTBI. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 90 pediatric HHC (5–15 years) of 48 microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB patients notified in Neyyattinkara TB unit from March 2021 to July 2022. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS trial version 26. All qualitative and quantitative variables were expressed as frequency and percentages, and using mean and standard deviation, respectively. <i>p</i>-value < 0.05 or 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was considered statistically significant. Results: The proportion of LTBI among pediatric HHC of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB patients was found to be 24.4% (95% CI: 15.53–28.93), and the proportion of LTBI in pediatric HHC among index cases was 45.8% (95% CI: 35.51–56.09). Of the selected sociodemographic factors studied, male gender compared to female had a high proportion of having LTBI, which was close to significance. Conclusion: A high proportion of LTBI was found among pediatric HHC exposed to an index TB case. The detection and prophylactic treatment of LTBI cases play a pivotal role in the control and prevention of pediatric TB, which ultimately helps to achieve the elimination of TB.https://www.ijrc.in/doi/IJRC/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-11010-1168interferon-gamma release assay testkeralalatent tuberculosis infectionpediatric |
| spellingShingle | Ananya S Willsraj Suba Joice Y Dishan Blessed Singh Ajin Chandran Prevalence and Determinants of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Pediatric Household Contacts of Microbiologically Confirmed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Neyyattinkara TB Unit, South Kerala, India Indian Journal of Respiratory Care interferon-gamma release assay test kerala latent tuberculosis infection pediatric |
| title | Prevalence and Determinants of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Pediatric Household Contacts of Microbiologically Confirmed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Neyyattinkara TB Unit, South Kerala, India |
| title_full | Prevalence and Determinants of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Pediatric Household Contacts of Microbiologically Confirmed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Neyyattinkara TB Unit, South Kerala, India |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and Determinants of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Pediatric Household Contacts of Microbiologically Confirmed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Neyyattinkara TB Unit, South Kerala, India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Determinants of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Pediatric Household Contacts of Microbiologically Confirmed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Neyyattinkara TB Unit, South Kerala, India |
| title_short | Prevalence and Determinants of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Pediatric Household Contacts of Microbiologically Confirmed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Neyyattinkara TB Unit, South Kerala, India |
| title_sort | prevalence and determinants of latent tuberculosis infection among pediatric household contacts of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis cases in neyyattinkara tb unit south kerala india |
| topic | interferon-gamma release assay test kerala latent tuberculosis infection pediatric |
| url | https://www.ijrc.in/doi/IJRC/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-11010-1168 |
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