Deciphering Regulatory Networks Governing Seedling Emergence in Deep-Sown Direct-Seeded Rice Cultivation
Abstract The rise of direct-seeded rice cultivation as a suitable alternative to transplanted puddled rice depends on developing genotypes with high seedling emergence under deep sown conditions. Two rice genotypes (IRGC 128442 and PR126) were screened for contrasting seedling emergence and subjecte...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Rice |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00760-0 |
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| author | Jasneet Singh Nitika Sandhu Aman Kumar Om Prakash Raigar Sutej Bains Gaurav Augustine Muskan Gupta Ekta Kharche Anu Kalia Navtej Singh Bains Arvind Kumar |
| author_facet | Jasneet Singh Nitika Sandhu Aman Kumar Om Prakash Raigar Sutej Bains Gaurav Augustine Muskan Gupta Ekta Kharche Anu Kalia Navtej Singh Bains Arvind Kumar |
| author_sort | Jasneet Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The rise of direct-seeded rice cultivation as a suitable alternative to transplanted puddled rice depends on developing genotypes with high seedling emergence under deep sown conditions. Two rice genotypes (IRGC 128442 and PR126) were screened for contrasting seedling emergence and subjected to high-throughput RNA sequencing under varying sowing depths (4 cm and 10 cm) and time intervals (5, 10, and 15 days after sowing). On average, a total of 2702 differentially expressed genes were identified across twelve inter- and intra-genotypic pairwise differential expression analyses, with a false discovery rate ≤ 0.05 and log2 fold change ≥ ± 2. The DEGs specifically showing differential expression under deep-sowing stress were prioritized and further refined based on their corresponding gene ontology terms, gene set enrichment analysis and KEGG and plant reactome pathway. From this pool of DEGs, 24 genes were validated using qRT-PCR. Among these, two genes (LOC_Os04g51460 and LOC_Os02g45450) contribute to cell wall remodelling and membrane stability, while three genes (LOC_Os04g48484, LOC_Os06g04399, and LOC_Os07g15440) play key roles in mitigating abiotic stress. Transcriptional regulators (LOC_Os06g33940 and LOC_Os01g45730) drive stress responses and growth. Notably, high fold changes in LOC_Os03g22720 and LOC_Os07g01960 underscore their importance in early stress responses and metabolic adjustments. The transcriptome analysis also highlighted the role of 29 heat shock proteins in response to deep sowing stress. Differential expression of key components in the abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated signalling pathway such as OsABI5 (LOC_Os01g64000), phosphatase 2C-like (PP2C) (LOC_Os09g15670) and OsPYL (LOC_Os06g36670) indicated downregulation of ABA signalling in the genotype IRGC 128442. Additionally, a role for miRNA-mediated regulation of auxin response factors was hypothesized in seedling emergence regulation. The study brings us closer to understanding the genetic control of seedling emergence under deep sown conditions. Functional validation of the key candidate genes and pathways could provide new targets for genetic improvement, potentially contributing to the development of rice cultivars optimized for direct-seeded rice cultivation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7fc63faa2a0a4165b52f3fb96fb373ed |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1939-8425 1939-8433 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Rice |
| spelling | doaj-art-7fc63faa2a0a4165b52f3fb96fb373ed2025-02-09T12:54:26ZengSpringerOpenRice1939-84251939-84332025-02-0118111710.1186/s12284-025-00760-0Deciphering Regulatory Networks Governing Seedling Emergence in Deep-Sown Direct-Seeded Rice CultivationJasneet Singh0Nitika Sandhu1Aman Kumar2Om Prakash Raigar3Sutej Bains4Gaurav Augustine5Muskan Gupta6Ekta Kharche7Anu Kalia8Navtej Singh Bains9Arvind Kumar10Punjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab Agricultural UniversityPunjab Agricultural UniversityDelta AgrigeneticsAbstract The rise of direct-seeded rice cultivation as a suitable alternative to transplanted puddled rice depends on developing genotypes with high seedling emergence under deep sown conditions. Two rice genotypes (IRGC 128442 and PR126) were screened for contrasting seedling emergence and subjected to high-throughput RNA sequencing under varying sowing depths (4 cm and 10 cm) and time intervals (5, 10, and 15 days after sowing). On average, a total of 2702 differentially expressed genes were identified across twelve inter- and intra-genotypic pairwise differential expression analyses, with a false discovery rate ≤ 0.05 and log2 fold change ≥ ± 2. The DEGs specifically showing differential expression under deep-sowing stress were prioritized and further refined based on their corresponding gene ontology terms, gene set enrichment analysis and KEGG and plant reactome pathway. From this pool of DEGs, 24 genes were validated using qRT-PCR. Among these, two genes (LOC_Os04g51460 and LOC_Os02g45450) contribute to cell wall remodelling and membrane stability, while three genes (LOC_Os04g48484, LOC_Os06g04399, and LOC_Os07g15440) play key roles in mitigating abiotic stress. Transcriptional regulators (LOC_Os06g33940 and LOC_Os01g45730) drive stress responses and growth. Notably, high fold changes in LOC_Os03g22720 and LOC_Os07g01960 underscore their importance in early stress responses and metabolic adjustments. The transcriptome analysis also highlighted the role of 29 heat shock proteins in response to deep sowing stress. Differential expression of key components in the abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated signalling pathway such as OsABI5 (LOC_Os01g64000), phosphatase 2C-like (PP2C) (LOC_Os09g15670) and OsPYL (LOC_Os06g36670) indicated downregulation of ABA signalling in the genotype IRGC 128442. Additionally, a role for miRNA-mediated regulation of auxin response factors was hypothesized in seedling emergence regulation. The study brings us closer to understanding the genetic control of seedling emergence under deep sown conditions. Functional validation of the key candidate genes and pathways could provide new targets for genetic improvement, potentially contributing to the development of rice cultivars optimized for direct-seeded rice cultivation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00760-0ABADeep sown stressDSRHSPmiRNA riceRNA sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Jasneet Singh Nitika Sandhu Aman Kumar Om Prakash Raigar Sutej Bains Gaurav Augustine Muskan Gupta Ekta Kharche Anu Kalia Navtej Singh Bains Arvind Kumar Deciphering Regulatory Networks Governing Seedling Emergence in Deep-Sown Direct-Seeded Rice Cultivation Rice ABA Deep sown stress DSR HSP miRNA rice RNA sequencing |
| title | Deciphering Regulatory Networks Governing Seedling Emergence in Deep-Sown Direct-Seeded Rice Cultivation |
| title_full | Deciphering Regulatory Networks Governing Seedling Emergence in Deep-Sown Direct-Seeded Rice Cultivation |
| title_fullStr | Deciphering Regulatory Networks Governing Seedling Emergence in Deep-Sown Direct-Seeded Rice Cultivation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deciphering Regulatory Networks Governing Seedling Emergence in Deep-Sown Direct-Seeded Rice Cultivation |
| title_short | Deciphering Regulatory Networks Governing Seedling Emergence in Deep-Sown Direct-Seeded Rice Cultivation |
| title_sort | deciphering regulatory networks governing seedling emergence in deep sown direct seeded rice cultivation |
| topic | ABA Deep sown stress DSR HSP miRNA rice RNA sequencing |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00760-0 |
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