Optimization of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Husk for Removal of Textile Dye

The discharge of textile industry effluents containing synthetic dyes, such as Congo red, poses significant environmental challenges due to their toxicity, persistence, and resistance to conventional treatment methods. Biosorption using agricultural waste–derived materials offers an eco-friendly and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zekeria Yusuf, Zemenu Pilto, Mulugeta Desta, Kebru Tegegn
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-01-01
Series:The Scientific World Journal
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tswj/8844264
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Summary:The discharge of textile industry effluents containing synthetic dyes, such as Congo red, poses significant environmental challenges due to their toxicity, persistence, and resistance to conventional treatment methods. Biosorption using agricultural waste–derived materials offers an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative. This study investigates the potential of coffee husk as a biosorbent for the removal of Congo red dye from aqueous solutions. The biosorbent was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Adsorption data were analyzed using isotherm and kinetic models, while thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize adsorption conditions. The result indicated that the maximum biosorption capacity was recorded as 92 mg/g under optimized conditions. Optimization experiments revealed that adsorption efficiency increased with higher contact time and alkaline pH, while temperature had a lesser influence within the tested range. RSM analysis showed that the highest adsorption occurred at 40°C, pH 10, and 120 min, achieving a removal efficiency of 94%. Comparative analysis with previous studies highlighted the superior performance of coffee husk biosorbents in terms of adsorption capacity and cost-effectiveness. The results underscore the potential of coffee husk as a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment, contributing to the mitigation of water pollution and the promotion of circular economy practices. Future research should explore scale-up possibilities and the regeneration potential of coffee husk biosorbents for industrial applications.
ISSN:1537-744X