Evaluation of point-of-care tests for detecting microalbuminuria in diabetic patients
Background: Microalbuminuria, the presence of low levels of albumin in the urine, indicates renal damage and is recognised as a risk factor for the progression of renal and cardiovascular disease. Several international scientific bodies recommend microalbuminuria screening. Point-of-care testing (PO...
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AOSIS
2011-06-01
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| Series: | South African Family Practice |
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| Online Access: | https://safpj.co.za/index.php/safpj/article/view/1632 |
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| author | M.M. Lloyd J. Kuyl H. van Jaarsveld |
| author_facet | M.M. Lloyd J. Kuyl H. van Jaarsveld |
| author_sort | M.M. Lloyd |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Microalbuminuria, the presence of low levels of albumin in the urine, indicates renal damage and is recognised as a risk factor for the progression of renal and cardiovascular disease. Several international scientific bodies recommend microalbuminuria screening. Point-of-care testing (POCT) of microalbuminuria allows immediate identification of risk, and monitoring of treatment effects. In this study, two POCT instruments were evaluated as microalbuminuria screening methods.
Method: Spot urine specimens from diabetic patients were analysed with the quantitative HemoCue® urine albumin analyser (n = 245), and the semiquantitative Clinitek® microalbumin urine dipstick (n = 204). These results were compared to the respective data for laboratory-determined albumin (nephelometry), creatinine (modified Jaffe) and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR).
Results: Linear regression analysis demonstrated a good correlation for the HemoCue® urine albumin with the laboratorydetermined albumin concentration (y = 0.8557x + 0.2487y, r = 0.97). The sensitivities for the HemoCue® and Clinitek® POCT systems were 79.6% and 83.8%, and the specificities 97.1% and 93.8% respectively. Positive and negative predictive values for the HemoCue® were 95.6% and 85.8%, and were 88.6% and 91.0% the Clinitek®. The repeatability of both instruments was excellent. Both instruments are easy to use, and more cost-effective than the laboratory methods for albumin and ACR.
Conclusion: Both the HemoCue® and the Clinitek® microalbumin POCT systems for albuminuria are easy to use and inexpensive, and are adequately accurate as a screening method. Although the HemoCue® POCT system measures only urine albumin concentration, its sensitivity and specificity compared well with that of the Clinitek® POCT system, which determines the ACR. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7faff5b8fff541a4a3926c06b65fbe0b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2078-6190 2078-6204 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-06-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | South African Family Practice |
| spelling | doaj-art-7faff5b8fff541a4a3926c06b65fbe0b2025-08-20T03:43:47ZengAOSISSouth African Family Practice2078-61902078-62042011-06-0153310.1080/20786204.2011.108741004570Evaluation of point-of-care tests for detecting microalbuminuria in diabetic patientsM.M. Lloyd0J. Kuyl1H. van Jaarsveld2Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Free StateDepartment of Chemical Pathology, University of Free StateDepartment of Chemcal Pathology, University of Free StateBackground: Microalbuminuria, the presence of low levels of albumin in the urine, indicates renal damage and is recognised as a risk factor for the progression of renal and cardiovascular disease. Several international scientific bodies recommend microalbuminuria screening. Point-of-care testing (POCT) of microalbuminuria allows immediate identification of risk, and monitoring of treatment effects. In this study, two POCT instruments were evaluated as microalbuminuria screening methods. Method: Spot urine specimens from diabetic patients were analysed with the quantitative HemoCue® urine albumin analyser (n = 245), and the semiquantitative Clinitek® microalbumin urine dipstick (n = 204). These results were compared to the respective data for laboratory-determined albumin (nephelometry), creatinine (modified Jaffe) and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). Results: Linear regression analysis demonstrated a good correlation for the HemoCue® urine albumin with the laboratorydetermined albumin concentration (y = 0.8557x + 0.2487y, r = 0.97). The sensitivities for the HemoCue® and Clinitek® POCT systems were 79.6% and 83.8%, and the specificities 97.1% and 93.8% respectively. Positive and negative predictive values for the HemoCue® were 95.6% and 85.8%, and were 88.6% and 91.0% the Clinitek®. The repeatability of both instruments was excellent. Both instruments are easy to use, and more cost-effective than the laboratory methods for albumin and ACR. Conclusion: Both the HemoCue® and the Clinitek® microalbumin POCT systems for albuminuria are easy to use and inexpensive, and are adequately accurate as a screening method. Although the HemoCue® POCT system measures only urine albumin concentration, its sensitivity and specificity compared well with that of the Clinitek® POCT system, which determines the ACR.https://safpj.co.za/index.php/safpj/article/view/1632microalbuminuriapoint-of-care testinghemocue®clinitek®urinary albumin excretion |
| spellingShingle | M.M. Lloyd J. Kuyl H. van Jaarsveld Evaluation of point-of-care tests for detecting microalbuminuria in diabetic patients South African Family Practice microalbuminuria point-of-care testing hemocue® clinitek® urinary albumin excretion |
| title | Evaluation of point-of-care tests for detecting microalbuminuria in diabetic patients |
| title_full | Evaluation of point-of-care tests for detecting microalbuminuria in diabetic patients |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of point-of-care tests for detecting microalbuminuria in diabetic patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of point-of-care tests for detecting microalbuminuria in diabetic patients |
| title_short | Evaluation of point-of-care tests for detecting microalbuminuria in diabetic patients |
| title_sort | evaluation of point of care tests for detecting microalbuminuria in diabetic patients |
| topic | microalbuminuria point-of-care testing hemocue® clinitek® urinary albumin excretion |
| url | https://safpj.co.za/index.php/safpj/article/view/1632 |
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