Targeted plasma proteomics reveals organ damage signatures of AIDS- and noncommunicable disease-related deaths in people with HIV

Abstract Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is shifting the primary driver of mortality for people with HIV (PWH) from opportunistic infections to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Protein biomarkers differentiating both AIDS-related and NCDs-related deaths from PWH may help early and precise risk predicti...

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Main Authors: Haijiang Lin, Jiayu He, Jiyuan Ren, Xiaoxiao Chen, Tingting Wang, Haijun Zhang, Shanling Wang, Miaochen Wang, Tailin Chen, Song Duan, Na He
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59242-y
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author Haijiang Lin
Jiayu He
Jiyuan Ren
Xiaoxiao Chen
Tingting Wang
Haijun Zhang
Shanling Wang
Miaochen Wang
Tailin Chen
Song Duan
Na He
author_facet Haijiang Lin
Jiayu He
Jiyuan Ren
Xiaoxiao Chen
Tingting Wang
Haijun Zhang
Shanling Wang
Miaochen Wang
Tailin Chen
Song Duan
Na He
author_sort Haijiang Lin
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is shifting the primary driver of mortality for people with HIV (PWH) from opportunistic infections to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Protein biomarkers differentiating both AIDS-related and NCDs-related deaths from PWH may help early and precise risk prediction and intervention. We conduct a nested case-control study where 126 HIV deaths, 162 age-sex-matched HIV survivors and 152 HIV-negative controls are analyzed with 92 protein biomarkers of the Olink Organ Damage panel by proximity extension assays (PEA). Using LASSO regression, logistic regression, and ROC analysis, twelve proteins are significantly associated with HIV death, of which six (SIRT5, PPM1B, PSMA1, GALNT10, VEGFC, PTN) are specifically associated with NCDs-related death, two (RCOR1, SERPINA9) are specifically associated with AIDS-related death, and four (CA12, CA14, RARRES1, EDIL3) are associated with both. Three of these proteins are replicable in the external validation sample. The adjusted protein panels consisting of significantly associated proteins selected through both LASSO and logistic regression model well predicted NCDs-related death (AUC = 0.970) and AIDS-related death (AUC = 0.960) in PWH. The selected proteins also displayed a significant correlation with traditional biomarkers of NCDs among PWH (P < 0.05). The potential clinical utility of these biomarkers could shed light on pathogenesis of end-stage organ dysfunction in PWH.
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spelling doaj-art-7f99da0c998f4e3985a8da6b959da4c22025-08-20T03:15:09ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-04-0116111210.1038/s41467-025-59242-yTargeted plasma proteomics reveals organ damage signatures of AIDS- and noncommunicable disease-related deaths in people with HIVHaijiang Lin0Jiayu He1Jiyuan Ren2Xiaoxiao Chen3Tingting Wang4Haijun Zhang5Shanling Wang6Miaochen Wang7Tailin Chen8Song Duan9Na He10School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan UniversityTaizhou City Center for Disease Control and PreventionTaizhou City Center for Disease Control and PreventionTaizhou City Center for Disease Control and PreventionSchool of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan UniversityDehong Prefecture Center for Disease Control and PreventionSchool of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan UniversityAbstract Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is shifting the primary driver of mortality for people with HIV (PWH) from opportunistic infections to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Protein biomarkers differentiating both AIDS-related and NCDs-related deaths from PWH may help early and precise risk prediction and intervention. We conduct a nested case-control study where 126 HIV deaths, 162 age-sex-matched HIV survivors and 152 HIV-negative controls are analyzed with 92 protein biomarkers of the Olink Organ Damage panel by proximity extension assays (PEA). Using LASSO regression, logistic regression, and ROC analysis, twelve proteins are significantly associated with HIV death, of which six (SIRT5, PPM1B, PSMA1, GALNT10, VEGFC, PTN) are specifically associated with NCDs-related death, two (RCOR1, SERPINA9) are specifically associated with AIDS-related death, and four (CA12, CA14, RARRES1, EDIL3) are associated with both. Three of these proteins are replicable in the external validation sample. The adjusted protein panels consisting of significantly associated proteins selected through both LASSO and logistic regression model well predicted NCDs-related death (AUC = 0.970) and AIDS-related death (AUC = 0.960) in PWH. The selected proteins also displayed a significant correlation with traditional biomarkers of NCDs among PWH (P < 0.05). The potential clinical utility of these biomarkers could shed light on pathogenesis of end-stage organ dysfunction in PWH.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59242-y
spellingShingle Haijiang Lin
Jiayu He
Jiyuan Ren
Xiaoxiao Chen
Tingting Wang
Haijun Zhang
Shanling Wang
Miaochen Wang
Tailin Chen
Song Duan
Na He
Targeted plasma proteomics reveals organ damage signatures of AIDS- and noncommunicable disease-related deaths in people with HIV
Nature Communications
title Targeted plasma proteomics reveals organ damage signatures of AIDS- and noncommunicable disease-related deaths in people with HIV
title_full Targeted plasma proteomics reveals organ damage signatures of AIDS- and noncommunicable disease-related deaths in people with HIV
title_fullStr Targeted plasma proteomics reveals organ damage signatures of AIDS- and noncommunicable disease-related deaths in people with HIV
title_full_unstemmed Targeted plasma proteomics reveals organ damage signatures of AIDS- and noncommunicable disease-related deaths in people with HIV
title_short Targeted plasma proteomics reveals organ damage signatures of AIDS- and noncommunicable disease-related deaths in people with HIV
title_sort targeted plasma proteomics reveals organ damage signatures of aids and noncommunicable disease related deaths in people with hiv
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59242-y
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