Optimization Strategy for Building Electrical Devices Considering Multi-Comfort and Economic Virtual Game Players

Excessively pursuing the comfort of the indoor environment in buildings may increase the energy consumption of operating equipment. A non-cooperative game strategy to solve the above-mentioned problem is proposed in this paper, in which multi-comfort and economic objectives are treated as equal virt...

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Main Authors: Xiyong Bao, Zhen Feng, Qiao Yan, Ruiqi Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Buildings
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/5/776
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author Xiyong Bao
Zhen Feng
Qiao Yan
Ruiqi Wang
author_facet Xiyong Bao
Zhen Feng
Qiao Yan
Ruiqi Wang
author_sort Xiyong Bao
collection DOAJ
description Excessively pursuing the comfort of the indoor environment in buildings may increase the energy consumption of operating equipment. A non-cooperative game strategy to solve the above-mentioned problem is proposed in this paper, in which multi-comfort and economic objectives are treated as equal virtual gamers. Firstly, several kinds of electrical equipment in buildings are modeled. Secondly, a visual comfort index is established by measuring the approach, followed by the construction of multi-dimensional comfort expression, including thermal, water, and air quality in indoor environments. Then, based on game theory, the non-cooperative game model of a single entity is built by using economic and multi-comfort objectives as virtual players to avoid subjectivity in multi-objective optimization. To ensure the existence of a Nash equilibrium, the Nikaido–Isoda function is employed to reformulate the payoff function, with strategy spaces allocated based on power differences. Finally, the optimization strategy is solved by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed solution increased comfort by 31.45% and reduced economic costs by 3.89% in comparison to the multi-objective optimization algorithm.
format Article
id doaj-art-7f91b4d3079b4b16b34916c202d7e337
institution OA Journals
issn 2075-5309
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
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series Buildings
spelling doaj-art-7f91b4d3079b4b16b34916c202d7e3372025-08-20T02:05:09ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092025-02-0115577610.3390/buildings15050776Optimization Strategy for Building Electrical Devices Considering Multi-Comfort and Economic Virtual Game PlayersXiyong Bao0Zhen Feng1Qiao Yan2Ruiqi Wang3Shandong Provincial Communications Planning and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250001, ChinaSchool of Information and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, ChinaSchool of Information and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, ChinaState Grid Shandong Integrated Energy Services Co., Ltd., Jinan 250001, ChinaExcessively pursuing the comfort of the indoor environment in buildings may increase the energy consumption of operating equipment. A non-cooperative game strategy to solve the above-mentioned problem is proposed in this paper, in which multi-comfort and economic objectives are treated as equal virtual gamers. Firstly, several kinds of electrical equipment in buildings are modeled. Secondly, a visual comfort index is established by measuring the approach, followed by the construction of multi-dimensional comfort expression, including thermal, water, and air quality in indoor environments. Then, based on game theory, the non-cooperative game model of a single entity is built by using economic and multi-comfort objectives as virtual players to avoid subjectivity in multi-objective optimization. To ensure the existence of a Nash equilibrium, the Nikaido–Isoda function is employed to reformulate the payoff function, with strategy spaces allocated based on power differences. Finally, the optimization strategy is solved by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed solution increased comfort by 31.45% and reduced economic costs by 3.89% in comparison to the multi-objective optimization algorithm.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/5/776buildingsmulti-dimensional comfortvirtual playersnon-cooperative game
spellingShingle Xiyong Bao
Zhen Feng
Qiao Yan
Ruiqi Wang
Optimization Strategy for Building Electrical Devices Considering Multi-Comfort and Economic Virtual Game Players
Buildings
buildings
multi-dimensional comfort
virtual players
non-cooperative game
title Optimization Strategy for Building Electrical Devices Considering Multi-Comfort and Economic Virtual Game Players
title_full Optimization Strategy for Building Electrical Devices Considering Multi-Comfort and Economic Virtual Game Players
title_fullStr Optimization Strategy for Building Electrical Devices Considering Multi-Comfort and Economic Virtual Game Players
title_full_unstemmed Optimization Strategy for Building Electrical Devices Considering Multi-Comfort and Economic Virtual Game Players
title_short Optimization Strategy for Building Electrical Devices Considering Multi-Comfort and Economic Virtual Game Players
title_sort optimization strategy for building electrical devices considering multi comfort and economic virtual game players
topic buildings
multi-dimensional comfort
virtual players
non-cooperative game
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/5/776
work_keys_str_mv AT xiyongbao optimizationstrategyforbuildingelectricaldevicesconsideringmulticomfortandeconomicvirtualgameplayers
AT zhenfeng optimizationstrategyforbuildingelectricaldevicesconsideringmulticomfortandeconomicvirtualgameplayers
AT qiaoyan optimizationstrategyforbuildingelectricaldevicesconsideringmulticomfortandeconomicvirtualgameplayers
AT ruiqiwang optimizationstrategyforbuildingelectricaldevicesconsideringmulticomfortandeconomicvirtualgameplayers