Vertical Velocity Diagnosed From Surface Data With Machine Learning
Abstract Submesoscale vertical velocities, w, are important for the oceanic transport of heat and biogeochemical properties, but observing w is challenging. New remote sensing technologies of horizontal surface velocity at O(1) km resolution can resolve surface submesoscale dynamics and offer promis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL104835 |
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| _version_ | 1849321881507725312 |
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| author | Jing He Amala Mahadevan |
| author_facet | Jing He Amala Mahadevan |
| author_sort | Jing He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Submesoscale vertical velocities, w, are important for the oceanic transport of heat and biogeochemical properties, but observing w is challenging. New remote sensing technologies of horizontal surface velocity at O(1) km resolution can resolve surface submesoscale dynamics and offer promise for diagnosing w subsurface. Using machine learning models, we examine relationships between the three‐dimensional w field and remotely observable surface variables such as horizontal velocity, density, and their horizontal gradients. We evaluate the machine learning models' sensitivities to different inputs, spatial resolution of surface fields, the addition of noise, and information about the subsurface density. We find that surface data is sufficient for reconstructing w, and having high resolution horizontal velocities with minimal errors is crucial for accurate w predictions. This highlights the importance of finer scale surface velocity measurements and suggests that data‐driven methods may be effective tools for linking surface observations with vertical velocity and transport subsurface. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7f8dd74a2b4141e69d5aa45e3a78ab36 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-7f8dd74a2b4141e69d5aa45e3a78ab362025-08-20T03:49:37ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072024-03-01516n/an/a10.1029/2023GL104835Vertical Velocity Diagnosed From Surface Data With Machine LearningJing He0Amala Mahadevan1MIT/WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography Cambridge MA USAWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA USAAbstract Submesoscale vertical velocities, w, are important for the oceanic transport of heat and biogeochemical properties, but observing w is challenging. New remote sensing technologies of horizontal surface velocity at O(1) km resolution can resolve surface submesoscale dynamics and offer promise for diagnosing w subsurface. Using machine learning models, we examine relationships between the three‐dimensional w field and remotely observable surface variables such as horizontal velocity, density, and their horizontal gradients. We evaluate the machine learning models' sensitivities to different inputs, spatial resolution of surface fields, the addition of noise, and information about the subsurface density. We find that surface data is sufficient for reconstructing w, and having high resolution horizontal velocities with minimal errors is crucial for accurate w predictions. This highlights the importance of finer scale surface velocity measurements and suggests that data‐driven methods may be effective tools for linking surface observations with vertical velocity and transport subsurface.https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL104835 |
| spellingShingle | Jing He Amala Mahadevan Vertical Velocity Diagnosed From Surface Data With Machine Learning Geophysical Research Letters |
| title | Vertical Velocity Diagnosed From Surface Data With Machine Learning |
| title_full | Vertical Velocity Diagnosed From Surface Data With Machine Learning |
| title_fullStr | Vertical Velocity Diagnosed From Surface Data With Machine Learning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vertical Velocity Diagnosed From Surface Data With Machine Learning |
| title_short | Vertical Velocity Diagnosed From Surface Data With Machine Learning |
| title_sort | vertical velocity diagnosed from surface data with machine learning |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL104835 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jinghe verticalvelocitydiagnosedfromsurfacedatawithmachinelearning AT amalamahadevan verticalvelocitydiagnosedfromsurfacedatawithmachinelearning |