Hip muscle changes in femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background & aims Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a common hip disorder characterized by abnormal contact between the femoral head and acetabulum, leading to pain, restricted mobility, and potential osteoarthritis. Despite its clinical significance, the role of periarticular muscl...

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Main Authors: Wen Zhang, Lei Chen, Peijian Tong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-025-06135-x
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author Wen Zhang
Lei Chen
Peijian Tong
author_facet Wen Zhang
Lei Chen
Peijian Tong
author_sort Wen Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background & aims Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a common hip disorder characterized by abnormal contact between the femoral head and acetabulum, leading to pain, restricted mobility, and potential osteoarthritis. Despite its clinical significance, the role of periarticular muscle alterations in FAI progression remains controversial. This study aimed to systematically evaluate hip muscle strength alterations and their clinical implications in FAI through meta-analysis. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to PRISMA and AMSTAR guidelines, analyzing five cross-sectional studies (118 FAI patients, 89 controls) to compare hip muscle strength (flexion, extension, abduction/adduction) and functional outcomes (e.g., iHOT-33, HAGOS). Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results FAI patients exhibited significantly reduced hip flexion (− 0.338 Nm/kg) and extension (− 0.379 Nm/kg) strength versus controls, with compensatory neuromuscular adaptations (e.g., preferential biceps femoris recruitment) and altered kinetic chains. Core muscle weakness and inconsistent fatigue patterns were also observed. Secondary outcomes lacked sufficient data for meta-analysis. Conclusion Muscle deficits in FAI are multifactorial, involving strength loss, maladaptive coordination, and kinetic chain disruptions. Targeted rehabilitation should integrate hip-centric and core stabilization exercises, but longitudinal studies are needed to validate therapeutic efficacy.
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spelling doaj-art-7f89dc67df2b4542ba3d07df666533722025-08-20T03:05:10ZengBMCJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research1749-799X2025-07-012011910.1186/s13018-025-06135-xHip muscle changes in femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review and meta-analysisWen Zhang0Lei Chen1Peijian Tong2The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)Abstract Background & aims Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a common hip disorder characterized by abnormal contact between the femoral head and acetabulum, leading to pain, restricted mobility, and potential osteoarthritis. Despite its clinical significance, the role of periarticular muscle alterations in FAI progression remains controversial. This study aimed to systematically evaluate hip muscle strength alterations and their clinical implications in FAI through meta-analysis. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to PRISMA and AMSTAR guidelines, analyzing five cross-sectional studies (118 FAI patients, 89 controls) to compare hip muscle strength (flexion, extension, abduction/adduction) and functional outcomes (e.g., iHOT-33, HAGOS). Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results FAI patients exhibited significantly reduced hip flexion (− 0.338 Nm/kg) and extension (− 0.379 Nm/kg) strength versus controls, with compensatory neuromuscular adaptations (e.g., preferential biceps femoris recruitment) and altered kinetic chains. Core muscle weakness and inconsistent fatigue patterns were also observed. Secondary outcomes lacked sufficient data for meta-analysis. Conclusion Muscle deficits in FAI are multifactorial, involving strength loss, maladaptive coordination, and kinetic chain disruptions. Targeted rehabilitation should integrate hip-centric and core stabilization exercises, but longitudinal studies are needed to validate therapeutic efficacy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-025-06135-x
spellingShingle Wen Zhang
Lei Chen
Peijian Tong
Hip muscle changes in femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
title Hip muscle changes in femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Hip muscle changes in femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Hip muscle changes in femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Hip muscle changes in femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Hip muscle changes in femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort hip muscle changes in femoroacetabular impingement a systematic review and meta analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-025-06135-x
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AT peijiantong hipmusclechangesinfemoroacetabularimpingementasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis