Development of a Validated HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Panthenol, Hesperidin, Rutin, and Allantoin in Pharmaceutical Gel-Permeability Study

A pressure ulcer is the necrosis of the skin and tissues due to prolonged pressure. Its prevention and treatment are of great importance not only for the health but also for the patient’s quality of life and are considered the highest priority. In the present study, a reliable analytical method is d...

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Main Authors: Sofia Almpani, Pavlina-Ioanna Agiannitou, Paraskevi Kyriaki Monou, Georgios Kamaris, Catherine K. Markopoulou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Separations
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/12/2/19
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author Sofia Almpani
Pavlina-Ioanna Agiannitou
Paraskevi Kyriaki Monou
Georgios Kamaris
Catherine K. Markopoulou
author_facet Sofia Almpani
Pavlina-Ioanna Agiannitou
Paraskevi Kyriaki Monou
Georgios Kamaris
Catherine K. Markopoulou
author_sort Sofia Almpani
collection DOAJ
description A pressure ulcer is the necrosis of the skin and tissues due to prolonged pressure. Its prevention and treatment are of great importance not only for the health but also for the patient’s quality of life and are considered the highest priority. In the present study, a reliable analytical method is developed for the quantitative determination of panthenol, hesperidin, rutin, and allantoin by HPLC and UV detectors. The substances were formulated into a pharmaceutical gel, with healing and regenerative properties recommended for first- and second-degree bedsores. Their separation was achieved with a ZIC-Hilic column (150 × 4.6 mm), 5 μm, and a gradient elution system (Solvent A: CH<sub>3</sub>CN-H<sub>2</sub>O, 90:10 <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>/<i>v</i> and Solvent B: CH<sub>3</sub>CN-H<sub>2</sub>O, 10:90 <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>). The method was evaluated based on the required specifications (%RSD < 2, % Recovery > 96.7%) and was applied for the quantitative extraction of the active substances in the gel. The purification of the samples was carried out using experimental design and Cross-D-Optimal methodology (%RSD < 2.2, % Recovery > 96.9%). Subsequently, the gel was studied in terms of the transdermal permeation of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) through vertical Franz cells and their behavior (P<sub>app</sub> values) was compared with a similar aqueous suspension product (reference formulation). The samples were reconstituted by lyophilization and extraction with methanol. According to the results, the drugs exhibit satisfactory penetration, ensuring the healing of problems that may occur in the skin and dermis.
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spelling doaj-art-7f717d9901f54389ae25fd4df9f06d812025-08-20T02:44:54ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392025-01-011221910.3390/separations12020019Development of a Validated HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Panthenol, Hesperidin, Rutin, and Allantoin in Pharmaceutical Gel-Permeability StudySofia Almpani0Pavlina-Ioanna Agiannitou1Paraskevi Kyriaki Monou2Georgios Kamaris3Catherine K. Markopoulou4Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceA pressure ulcer is the necrosis of the skin and tissues due to prolonged pressure. Its prevention and treatment are of great importance not only for the health but also for the patient’s quality of life and are considered the highest priority. In the present study, a reliable analytical method is developed for the quantitative determination of panthenol, hesperidin, rutin, and allantoin by HPLC and UV detectors. The substances were formulated into a pharmaceutical gel, with healing and regenerative properties recommended for first- and second-degree bedsores. Their separation was achieved with a ZIC-Hilic column (150 × 4.6 mm), 5 μm, and a gradient elution system (Solvent A: CH<sub>3</sub>CN-H<sub>2</sub>O, 90:10 <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>/<i>v</i> and Solvent B: CH<sub>3</sub>CN-H<sub>2</sub>O, 10:90 <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>). The method was evaluated based on the required specifications (%RSD < 2, % Recovery > 96.7%) and was applied for the quantitative extraction of the active substances in the gel. The purification of the samples was carried out using experimental design and Cross-D-Optimal methodology (%RSD < 2.2, % Recovery > 96.9%). Subsequently, the gel was studied in terms of the transdermal permeation of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) through vertical Franz cells and their behavior (P<sub>app</sub> values) was compared with a similar aqueous suspension product (reference formulation). The samples were reconstituted by lyophilization and extraction with methanol. According to the results, the drugs exhibit satisfactory penetration, ensuring the healing of problems that may occur in the skin and dermis.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/12/2/19HPLChesperidinrutinallantoinpanthenolgels for pressure ulcers
spellingShingle Sofia Almpani
Pavlina-Ioanna Agiannitou
Paraskevi Kyriaki Monou
Georgios Kamaris
Catherine K. Markopoulou
Development of a Validated HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Panthenol, Hesperidin, Rutin, and Allantoin in Pharmaceutical Gel-Permeability Study
Separations
HPLC
hesperidin
rutin
allantoin
panthenol
gels for pressure ulcers
title Development of a Validated HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Panthenol, Hesperidin, Rutin, and Allantoin in Pharmaceutical Gel-Permeability Study
title_full Development of a Validated HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Panthenol, Hesperidin, Rutin, and Allantoin in Pharmaceutical Gel-Permeability Study
title_fullStr Development of a Validated HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Panthenol, Hesperidin, Rutin, and Allantoin in Pharmaceutical Gel-Permeability Study
title_full_unstemmed Development of a Validated HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Panthenol, Hesperidin, Rutin, and Allantoin in Pharmaceutical Gel-Permeability Study
title_short Development of a Validated HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Panthenol, Hesperidin, Rutin, and Allantoin in Pharmaceutical Gel-Permeability Study
title_sort development of a validated hplc uv method for the determination of panthenol hesperidin rutin and allantoin in pharmaceutical gel permeability study
topic HPLC
hesperidin
rutin
allantoin
panthenol
gels for pressure ulcers
url https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/12/2/19
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