Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis
Abstract The rise of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms (AMR) poses a significant global challenge to human health and economic stability. In response, various scientific communities are seeking safe alternatives to antibiotics. This study comprehensively investigates the antibacterial effects o...
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| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2025-01-01
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| Series: | AMB Express |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-024-01801-5 |
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| author | Islam I. Teiba Islam Mamdouh Mokhtar I. Yousef Ahmed Hussein Emad H. El-Bilawy |
| author_facet | Islam I. Teiba Islam Mamdouh Mokhtar I. Yousef Ahmed Hussein Emad H. El-Bilawy |
| author_sort | Islam I. Teiba |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The rise of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms (AMR) poses a significant global challenge to human health and economic stability. In response, various scientific communities are seeking safe alternatives to antibiotics. This study comprehensively investigates the antibacterial effects of red dye derived from Monascus purpureus against three bacterial pathogens: Salmonella typhimurium ATCC14028, Escherichia coli ATCC8739, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC25923. The dye was extracted from the Monascus purpureus ATCC16436 strain, using 1 mg of red dye in 1 ml of DMSO to achieve a concentration of 1000 µg/ml. The chemical profile of the red dye extract was analyzed using GC–MS analysis, confirming the presence of several bioactive antimicrobial compounds, including aspidospermidin-17-ol, 1-acetyl-16-methoxy, octanoic acid, and hexadecanoic acid methyl ester. The extract was tested against the bacterial strains at varying concentrations to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC). The results demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, with the highest MIC and MBC values of 6.25/12.5 µg/ml against S. typhimurium. The antibacterial activity of the red dye was compared to five conventional antibiotics using the disc diffusion method, revealing superior effectiveness, particularly against S. typhimurium, with an inhibition zone measuring 20 ± 0.22 mm. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to explore the mechanism of action of the red dye extract, highlighting its impact on bacterial plasma membrane permeability and its interference with cellular energy production. These findings suggest that the Monascus purpureus-derived red dye extract represents a promising natural alternative to conventional antibiotics, demonstrating potent antibacterial activity and potential as a novel therapeutic agent in combating antimicrobial resistance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7f56187eb14e4f908ec56545b2ff96bc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2191-0855 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AMB Express |
| spelling | doaj-art-7f56187eb14e4f908ec56545b2ff96bc2025-01-05T12:47:31ZengSpringerOpenAMB Express2191-08552025-01-0115111010.1186/s13568-024-01801-5Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalisIslam I. Teiba0Islam Mamdouh1Mokhtar I. Yousef2Ahmed Hussein3Emad H. El-Bilawy4Microbiology, Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta UniversityFaculty of Basic Sciences, King Salman International UniversityDepartment of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria UniversityBiotechnology Department Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria UniversityFaculty of Basic Sciences, King Salman International UniversityAbstract The rise of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms (AMR) poses a significant global challenge to human health and economic stability. In response, various scientific communities are seeking safe alternatives to antibiotics. This study comprehensively investigates the antibacterial effects of red dye derived from Monascus purpureus against three bacterial pathogens: Salmonella typhimurium ATCC14028, Escherichia coli ATCC8739, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC25923. The dye was extracted from the Monascus purpureus ATCC16436 strain, using 1 mg of red dye in 1 ml of DMSO to achieve a concentration of 1000 µg/ml. The chemical profile of the red dye extract was analyzed using GC–MS analysis, confirming the presence of several bioactive antimicrobial compounds, including aspidospermidin-17-ol, 1-acetyl-16-methoxy, octanoic acid, and hexadecanoic acid methyl ester. The extract was tested against the bacterial strains at varying concentrations to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC). The results demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, with the highest MIC and MBC values of 6.25/12.5 µg/ml against S. typhimurium. The antibacterial activity of the red dye was compared to five conventional antibiotics using the disc diffusion method, revealing superior effectiveness, particularly against S. typhimurium, with an inhibition zone measuring 20 ± 0.22 mm. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to explore the mechanism of action of the red dye extract, highlighting its impact on bacterial plasma membrane permeability and its interference with cellular energy production. These findings suggest that the Monascus purpureus-derived red dye extract represents a promising natural alternative to conventional antibiotics, demonstrating potent antibacterial activity and potential as a novel therapeutic agent in combating antimicrobial resistance.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-024-01801-5Antimicrobial resistance (AMR)Bactericidal activityFoodborne pathogensMembrane permeabilityMinimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) |
| spellingShingle | Islam I. Teiba Islam Mamdouh Mokhtar I. Yousef Ahmed Hussein Emad H. El-Bilawy Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis AMB Express Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) Bactericidal activity Foodborne pathogens Membrane permeability Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) |
| title | Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis |
| title_full | Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis |
| title_short | Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis |
| title_sort | antimicrobial activity of monascus purpureus derived red pigments against salmonella typhimurium escherichia coli and enterococcus faecalis |
| topic | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) Bactericidal activity Foodborne pathogens Membrane permeability Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-024-01801-5 |
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