New Gold(I) Complexes as Potential Precursors for Gas-Assisted Methods: Structure, Volatility, Thermal Stability, and Electron Sensitivity
We report the synthesis and characterization of new, user-friendly gold(I) [Au<sub>4</sub>(μ-(NH)<sub>2</sub>CC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]<sub>n</sub> coordination polymer and [Au<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/1/146 |
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| author | Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak Tadeusz M. Muzioł Piotr Madajski Iwona B. Szymańska |
| author_facet | Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak Tadeusz M. Muzioł Piotr Madajski Iwona B. Szymańska |
| author_sort | Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We report the synthesis and characterization of new, user-friendly gold(I) [Au<sub>4</sub>(μ-(NH)<sub>2</sub>CC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]<sub>n</sub> coordination polymer and [Au<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>(NH<sub>2</sub>(NH=)CC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>n</sub> complex. These compounds were investigated for potential application as precursors in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and focused electron/ion beam-induced deposition (FEBID/FIBID), which are additive methods to produce nanomaterials. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the complexes’ composition and structure. We studied their thermal stability and volatility using thermal analysis and variable-temperature infrared spectroscopy (VT IR) and by conducting sublimation experiments. The gold(I) amidinate [Au<sub>2</sub>(μ-(NH)<sub>2</sub>CC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>n</sub> sublimates at 413 K under 10<sup>−2</sup> mbar pressure. The electron-induced decomposition of the complexes’ molecules in the gas phase and of their thin layers on silicon substrates was analyzed using electron impact mass spectrometry (EI MS) and microscopy studies (SEM/EDX), respectively, to provide insights for FEBID and FIBID precursor design. The [Au<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>(NH<sub>2</sub>(NH=)CC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>n</sub> hydrogen chloride molecules evolved during heating, with the formation of gold(I) amidinate. The obtained results revealed that the new gold(I) amidinate may be a promising source of metal for nanomaterial fabrication by gas-assisted methods. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7f44da2ff06b4cb99ba82db4d4c64747 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-7f44da2ff06b4cb99ba82db4d4c647472025-01-10T13:19:01ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-01-0130114610.3390/molecules30010146New Gold(I) Complexes as Potential Precursors for Gas-Assisted Methods: Structure, Volatility, Thermal Stability, and Electron SensitivityAleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak0Tadeusz M. Muzioł1Piotr Madajski2Iwona B. Szymańska3Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, PolandWe report the synthesis and characterization of new, user-friendly gold(I) [Au<sub>4</sub>(μ-(NH)<sub>2</sub>CC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]<sub>n</sub> coordination polymer and [Au<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>(NH<sub>2</sub>(NH=)CC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>n</sub> complex. These compounds were investigated for potential application as precursors in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and focused electron/ion beam-induced deposition (FEBID/FIBID), which are additive methods to produce nanomaterials. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the complexes’ composition and structure. We studied their thermal stability and volatility using thermal analysis and variable-temperature infrared spectroscopy (VT IR) and by conducting sublimation experiments. The gold(I) amidinate [Au<sub>2</sub>(μ-(NH)<sub>2</sub>CC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>n</sub> sublimates at 413 K under 10<sup>−2</sup> mbar pressure. The electron-induced decomposition of the complexes’ molecules in the gas phase and of their thin layers on silicon substrates was analyzed using electron impact mass spectrometry (EI MS) and microscopy studies (SEM/EDX), respectively, to provide insights for FEBID and FIBID precursor design. The [Au<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>(NH<sub>2</sub>(NH=)CC<sub>2</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>n</sub> hydrogen chloride molecules evolved during heating, with the formation of gold(I) amidinate. The obtained results revealed that the new gold(I) amidinate may be a promising source of metal for nanomaterial fabrication by gas-assisted methods.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/1/146chemical vapor depositionfocused electron beam-induced depositionfocused ion beam-induced depositionHirshfeld surface analysisvolatile compoundsvolatility study |
| spellingShingle | Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak Tadeusz M. Muzioł Piotr Madajski Iwona B. Szymańska New Gold(I) Complexes as Potential Precursors for Gas-Assisted Methods: Structure, Volatility, Thermal Stability, and Electron Sensitivity Molecules chemical vapor deposition focused electron beam-induced deposition focused ion beam-induced deposition Hirshfeld surface analysis volatile compounds volatility study |
| title | New Gold(I) Complexes as Potential Precursors for Gas-Assisted Methods: Structure, Volatility, Thermal Stability, and Electron Sensitivity |
| title_full | New Gold(I) Complexes as Potential Precursors for Gas-Assisted Methods: Structure, Volatility, Thermal Stability, and Electron Sensitivity |
| title_fullStr | New Gold(I) Complexes as Potential Precursors for Gas-Assisted Methods: Structure, Volatility, Thermal Stability, and Electron Sensitivity |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Gold(I) Complexes as Potential Precursors for Gas-Assisted Methods: Structure, Volatility, Thermal Stability, and Electron Sensitivity |
| title_short | New Gold(I) Complexes as Potential Precursors for Gas-Assisted Methods: Structure, Volatility, Thermal Stability, and Electron Sensitivity |
| title_sort | new gold i complexes as potential precursors for gas assisted methods structure volatility thermal stability and electron sensitivity |
| topic | chemical vapor deposition focused electron beam-induced deposition focused ion beam-induced deposition Hirshfeld surface analysis volatile compounds volatility study |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/1/146 |
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