Dichlormid protect wheat from fomesafen residual injury by increasing PPO expression and the photosynthesis characterize
Fomesafen is a herbicide with long persistence in soil, causing damage to succeeding crops. Dichlormid is a widely used safener protecting maize from chloroacetanilide and thiocarbamate injury. We found that dichlormid treatment could restore the growth of wheat seedlings exposed to fomesafen stress...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325000375 |
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| author | Dongzhi Li Yilin Liu Li Xu Hao Yu Yunchao Kan Runqiang Liu Guangling Li |
| author_facet | Dongzhi Li Yilin Liu Li Xu Hao Yu Yunchao Kan Runqiang Liu Guangling Li |
| author_sort | Dongzhi Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fomesafen is a herbicide with long persistence in soil, causing damage to succeeding crops. Dichlormid is a widely used safener protecting maize from chloroacetanilide and thiocarbamate injury. We found that dichlormid treatment could restore the growth of wheat seedlings exposed to fomesafen stress. To explore its molecular mechanism, RNA-Seq was conducted to analysis transcript profiles between fomesafen and fomesafen+dichlormid treated wheat seedlings. The gene expression level was determined by qRT-PCR. Results showed that the up-regulated genes by dichlormid treatment were significantly enriched in pathways related to photosynthesis. The expression level of glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GTR), protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO, target of fomesafen), and magnesium chelatase (MAG) involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis was significantly up-regulated by dichlormid. And the expression level of genes in chlorophyll binding, energy biosynthesis, gibberellin biosynthesis and salicylic acid signal pathway was also validated to be significantly up-regulated by dichlormid. The detoxification enzyme activity of cytochrome P450 or glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), and their gene expression level was found to show no significant difference between fomesafen and fomesafen+dichlormid treatment. The antioxidant enzyme activity of peroxidase, superoxide, and the content malondialdehyde content was decreased by dichlormid, while the reduced glutathione content was increased by dichlormid significantly. The metabolism of fomesafen was further validated to be not influenced by dichlormid. These results suggested that dichlormid acted by increasing the expression of fomesafen target and photosynthesis related genes to alleviate fomesafen injury to wheat, but not accelerating fomesafen metabolism. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7f3e7dbf957142779228669d7707dae0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj-art-7f3e7dbf957142779228669d7707dae02025-01-23T05:26:09ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132025-01-01289117701Dichlormid protect wheat from fomesafen residual injury by increasing PPO expression and the photosynthesis characterizeDongzhi Li0Yilin Liu1Li Xu2Hao Yu3Yunchao Kan4Runqiang Liu5Guangling Li6College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, China; Corresponding author at: College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, China.College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, China; Corresponding author.Fomesafen is a herbicide with long persistence in soil, causing damage to succeeding crops. Dichlormid is a widely used safener protecting maize from chloroacetanilide and thiocarbamate injury. We found that dichlormid treatment could restore the growth of wheat seedlings exposed to fomesafen stress. To explore its molecular mechanism, RNA-Seq was conducted to analysis transcript profiles between fomesafen and fomesafen+dichlormid treated wheat seedlings. The gene expression level was determined by qRT-PCR. Results showed that the up-regulated genes by dichlormid treatment were significantly enriched in pathways related to photosynthesis. The expression level of glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GTR), protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO, target of fomesafen), and magnesium chelatase (MAG) involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis was significantly up-regulated by dichlormid. And the expression level of genes in chlorophyll binding, energy biosynthesis, gibberellin biosynthesis and salicylic acid signal pathway was also validated to be significantly up-regulated by dichlormid. The detoxification enzyme activity of cytochrome P450 or glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), and their gene expression level was found to show no significant difference between fomesafen and fomesafen+dichlormid treatment. The antioxidant enzyme activity of peroxidase, superoxide, and the content malondialdehyde content was decreased by dichlormid, while the reduced glutathione content was increased by dichlormid significantly. The metabolism of fomesafen was further validated to be not influenced by dichlormid. These results suggested that dichlormid acted by increasing the expression of fomesafen target and photosynthesis related genes to alleviate fomesafen injury to wheat, but not accelerating fomesafen metabolism.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325000375FomesafenWheat injuryAlleviateDichlormidProtoporphyrinogen IX oxidase |
| spellingShingle | Dongzhi Li Yilin Liu Li Xu Hao Yu Yunchao Kan Runqiang Liu Guangling Li Dichlormid protect wheat from fomesafen residual injury by increasing PPO expression and the photosynthesis characterize Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Fomesafen Wheat injury Alleviate Dichlormid Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase |
| title | Dichlormid protect wheat from fomesafen residual injury by increasing PPO expression and the photosynthesis characterize |
| title_full | Dichlormid protect wheat from fomesafen residual injury by increasing PPO expression and the photosynthesis characterize |
| title_fullStr | Dichlormid protect wheat from fomesafen residual injury by increasing PPO expression and the photosynthesis characterize |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dichlormid protect wheat from fomesafen residual injury by increasing PPO expression and the photosynthesis characterize |
| title_short | Dichlormid protect wheat from fomesafen residual injury by increasing PPO expression and the photosynthesis characterize |
| title_sort | dichlormid protect wheat from fomesafen residual injury by increasing ppo expression and the photosynthesis characterize |
| topic | Fomesafen Wheat injury Alleviate Dichlormid Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325000375 |
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