Causal Links Between Bone Diseases and Temporomandibular Disorders

Introduction and Aims: Epidemiological observational studies have explored the link between bone joint-related diseases and temporomandibular disorders (TMD), but inconsistent conclusions have emerged due to various limitations. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between bone joi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ling Zhang, Qinghua Zhang, Dong Zhao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:International Dental Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653925000176
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849323408363356160
author Ling Zhang
Qinghua Zhang
Dong Zhao
author_facet Ling Zhang
Qinghua Zhang
Dong Zhao
author_sort Ling Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Introduction and Aims: Epidemiological observational studies have explored the link between bone joint-related diseases and temporomandibular disorders (TMD), but inconsistent conclusions have emerged due to various limitations. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between bone joint-related diseases and TMD using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: We utilized a two-sample MR design, applying pooled genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from six subtypes of bone and joint diseases and TMD. Primary analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, complemented by weighted median (WM), weighted mode, and MR-Egger regression to assess causal relationships. Additionally, we performed reverse causality analyses and applied sensitivity analyses, including MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger, Cochran's Q, and leave-one-out methods to evaluate result robustness, explore heterogeneity, and identify potential biases. Results: MR genetic prediction analyses indicated that bone and joint-related diseases increase the risk of TMD, with specific odds ratios (OR) for ankylosing spondylitis (AS: OR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.04-1.77, P = .026), rheumatoid arthritis (RA: OR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.13, P = .001), and osteoporosis (OR 1.0751, 95% CI: 1.0047-1.1505, P = .036). Conversely, reverse MR analysis revealed a positive genetic link from TMD to RA (RA: OR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02-1.23, P = .018). MR-Egger regression showed no influence of horizontal pleiotropy, and MR-PRESSO detected no outliers. The leave-one-out analysis confirmed the results' stability. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate a positive, causal association between TMD risk and AS, RA, and osteoporosis. Moreover, TMD patients exhibit an increased risk of developing RA. Clinical Relevance: Understanding these relationships aids in better diagnosis and management of TMD and its association with bone joint diseases, potentially guiding clinical interventions.
format Article
id doaj-art-7f207113fdaf4ae282add2fa45708a14
institution Kabale University
issn 0020-6539
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series International Dental Journal
spelling doaj-art-7f207113fdaf4ae282add2fa45708a142025-08-20T03:49:03ZengElsevierInternational Dental Journal0020-65392025-06-017531951196010.1016/j.identj.2025.01.010Causal Links Between Bone Diseases and Temporomandibular DisordersLing Zhang0Qinghua Zhang1Dong Zhao2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China; Corresponding author. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital. No. 29 Shuangtasi Street, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.Department of Orthodontics, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, ChinaDepartment of Prosthodontics, Taiyuan Conatant lun Dental Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, ChinaIntroduction and Aims: Epidemiological observational studies have explored the link between bone joint-related diseases and temporomandibular disorders (TMD), but inconsistent conclusions have emerged due to various limitations. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between bone joint-related diseases and TMD using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: We utilized a two-sample MR design, applying pooled genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from six subtypes of bone and joint diseases and TMD. Primary analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, complemented by weighted median (WM), weighted mode, and MR-Egger regression to assess causal relationships. Additionally, we performed reverse causality analyses and applied sensitivity analyses, including MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger, Cochran's Q, and leave-one-out methods to evaluate result robustness, explore heterogeneity, and identify potential biases. Results: MR genetic prediction analyses indicated that bone and joint-related diseases increase the risk of TMD, with specific odds ratios (OR) for ankylosing spondylitis (AS: OR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.04-1.77, P = .026), rheumatoid arthritis (RA: OR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.13, P = .001), and osteoporosis (OR 1.0751, 95% CI: 1.0047-1.1505, P = .036). Conversely, reverse MR analysis revealed a positive genetic link from TMD to RA (RA: OR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02-1.23, P = .018). MR-Egger regression showed no influence of horizontal pleiotropy, and MR-PRESSO detected no outliers. The leave-one-out analysis confirmed the results' stability. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate a positive, causal association between TMD risk and AS, RA, and osteoporosis. Moreover, TMD patients exhibit an increased risk of developing RA. Clinical Relevance: Understanding these relationships aids in better diagnosis and management of TMD and its association with bone joint diseases, potentially guiding clinical interventions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653925000176Mendelian randomizationInstrumental variablesTemporomandibular disorders (TMD)Ankylosing spondylitis (AS)Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)Osteoporosis
spellingShingle Ling Zhang
Qinghua Zhang
Dong Zhao
Causal Links Between Bone Diseases and Temporomandibular Disorders
International Dental Journal
Mendelian randomization
Instrumental variables
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Osteoporosis
title Causal Links Between Bone Diseases and Temporomandibular Disorders
title_full Causal Links Between Bone Diseases and Temporomandibular Disorders
title_fullStr Causal Links Between Bone Diseases and Temporomandibular Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Causal Links Between Bone Diseases and Temporomandibular Disorders
title_short Causal Links Between Bone Diseases and Temporomandibular Disorders
title_sort causal links between bone diseases and temporomandibular disorders
topic Mendelian randomization
Instrumental variables
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Osteoporosis
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653925000176
work_keys_str_mv AT lingzhang causallinksbetweenbonediseasesandtemporomandibulardisorders
AT qinghuazhang causallinksbetweenbonediseasesandtemporomandibulardisorders
AT dongzhao causallinksbetweenbonediseasesandtemporomandibulardisorders