Phenological patterns and the impact of seed burial depth and scarification on the emergence and growth of redweed (Melochia corchorifolia)
Redweed is a tropical, erect branched herb, and one of the predominant broadleaf weeds affecting upland crops in the Onattukara Sandy Plains of Kerala, India. Experiments were conducted in a screenhouse in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, to determine the effects of seed burial depth and seed scar...
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Cambridge University Press
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Weed Technology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0890037X24001088/type/journal_article |
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| author | Dhanu Unnikrishnan Sheeja K Raj D Jacob Shalini P Pillai M Ameena Bhagirath Singh Chauhan |
| author_facet | Dhanu Unnikrishnan Sheeja K Raj D Jacob Shalini P Pillai M Ameena Bhagirath Singh Chauhan |
| author_sort | Dhanu Unnikrishnan |
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| description | Redweed is a tropical, erect branched herb, and one of the predominant broadleaf weeds affecting upland crops in the Onattukara Sandy Plains of Kerala, India. Experiments were conducted in a screenhouse in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, to determine the effects of seed burial depth and seed scarification on emergence indices and growth attributes of redweed. Scarification stimulated emergence and resulted in greater values for emergence indices and seedling parameters. The seedling emergence of redweed was influenced by seed burial depth. Shallow seed burial (2 cm) of scarified and non-scarified seeds resulted in greater seedling length (70 cm and 58 cm, respectively), seedling biomass (0.72 g and 0.48 g, respectively), emergence percentage (60% and 32%, respectively), and greater values for other emergence indices. As the depth of seed burial increased from 2 cm, emergence and seedling biomass decreased, exhibiting lower values for the emergence indices. Correlation and regression studies revealed that seed burial depth of scarified and non-scarified seeds greater than 2 cm had a negative effect on seedling emergence and biomass of redweed. Weed biology studies indicated that redweed displayed notable consistency in its phenological traits, regardless of the location where the seeds were collected, as little ecotype variability was observed. Emergence occurred in 6 d, 50% flowering in 44 d, capsule formation in 56 d, and maturity in 76 d. On average, a single plant produced 277 seeds and had a 100-seed weight of 0.31 g. A stale seedbed with shallow tillage or deep plowing to a depth of 10 cm before sowing can be adopted to reduce the infestation of redweed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7efad4424628490a9905ec80570d5efc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0890-037X 1550-2740 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Weed Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-7efad4424628490a9905ec80570d5efc2025-08-20T03:58:40ZengCambridge University PressWeed Technology0890-037X1550-27402025-01-013910.1017/wet.2024.108Phenological patterns and the impact of seed burial depth and scarification on the emergence and growth of redweed (Melochia corchorifolia)Dhanu Unnikrishnan0Sheeja K Raj1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-7494D Jacob2Shalini P Pillai3M Ameena4Bhagirath Singh Chauhan5Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Agronomy, Kerala Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IndiaAssistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Kerala Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IndiaAssistant Professor and Head, Kerala Agricultural University, OFR Centre, Onattukara Regional Agricultural Research Station, Kayamkulam, Kerala, IndiaProfessor and Head, Kerala Agricultural University, Department of Agronomy, Kerala Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IndiaProfessor, Kerala Agricultural University, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IndiaProfessor, Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Gatton, AustraliaRedweed is a tropical, erect branched herb, and one of the predominant broadleaf weeds affecting upland crops in the Onattukara Sandy Plains of Kerala, India. Experiments were conducted in a screenhouse in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, to determine the effects of seed burial depth and seed scarification on emergence indices and growth attributes of redweed. Scarification stimulated emergence and resulted in greater values for emergence indices and seedling parameters. The seedling emergence of redweed was influenced by seed burial depth. Shallow seed burial (2 cm) of scarified and non-scarified seeds resulted in greater seedling length (70 cm and 58 cm, respectively), seedling biomass (0.72 g and 0.48 g, respectively), emergence percentage (60% and 32%, respectively), and greater values for other emergence indices. As the depth of seed burial increased from 2 cm, emergence and seedling biomass decreased, exhibiting lower values for the emergence indices. Correlation and regression studies revealed that seed burial depth of scarified and non-scarified seeds greater than 2 cm had a negative effect on seedling emergence and biomass of redweed. Weed biology studies indicated that redweed displayed notable consistency in its phenological traits, regardless of the location where the seeds were collected, as little ecotype variability was observed. Emergence occurred in 6 d, 50% flowering in 44 d, capsule formation in 56 d, and maturity in 76 d. On average, a single plant produced 277 seeds and had a 100-seed weight of 0.31 g. A stale seedbed with shallow tillage or deep plowing to a depth of 10 cm before sowing can be adopted to reduce the infestation of redweed.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0890037X24001088/type/journal_articleRedweed, Melochia corchorifolia L.Emergence indicesseedling biomassseedling length |
| spellingShingle | Dhanu Unnikrishnan Sheeja K Raj D Jacob Shalini P Pillai M Ameena Bhagirath Singh Chauhan Phenological patterns and the impact of seed burial depth and scarification on the emergence and growth of redweed (Melochia corchorifolia) Weed Technology Redweed, Melochia corchorifolia L. Emergence indices seedling biomass seedling length |
| title | Phenological patterns and the impact of seed burial depth and scarification on the emergence and growth of redweed (Melochia corchorifolia) |
| title_full | Phenological patterns and the impact of seed burial depth and scarification on the emergence and growth of redweed (Melochia corchorifolia) |
| title_fullStr | Phenological patterns and the impact of seed burial depth and scarification on the emergence and growth of redweed (Melochia corchorifolia) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenological patterns and the impact of seed burial depth and scarification on the emergence and growth of redweed (Melochia corchorifolia) |
| title_short | Phenological patterns and the impact of seed burial depth and scarification on the emergence and growth of redweed (Melochia corchorifolia) |
| title_sort | phenological patterns and the impact of seed burial depth and scarification on the emergence and growth of redweed melochia corchorifolia |
| topic | Redweed, Melochia corchorifolia L. Emergence indices seedling biomass seedling length |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0890037X24001088/type/journal_article |
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