Heartwood/Sapwood Characteristics of <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. Trunks and Their Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Lower Tarim River, Northwest China
The characteristics of heartwood and sapwood not only reflect tree growth and site quality but also provide insights into habitat changes. This study examines the natural <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. forest in the Arghan section of the lower Tarim River, comparing the heartwood and sa...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Tongyu Chen Tayierjiang Aishan Na Wang Ümüt Halik Shiyu Yao |
| author_facet | Tongyu Chen Tayierjiang Aishan Na Wang Ümüt Halik Shiyu Yao |
| author_sort | Tongyu Chen |
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| description | The characteristics of heartwood and sapwood not only reflect tree growth and site quality but also provide insights into habitat changes. This study examines the natural <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. forest in the Arghan section of the lower Tarim River, comparing the heartwood and sapwood characteristics of <i>P. euphratica</i> at different distances from the river, as well as at varying trunk heights and diameters at breast height (DBH). The objective was to examine the correlation between these characteristics and the physicochemical properties of the soil to better understand the ecological response strategies of <i>P. euphratica</i> in arid environments. Results indicated that heartwood radius, sapwood width, sapwood area, and heartwood moisture content decreased with increasing trunk height, following the pattern: 0.3 m > 0.8 m > 1.3 m. In contrast, heartwood density increased as trunk height increased. Most of the heartwood and sapwood indicators increased with larger tree diameters. In the case of <i>P. euphratica</i> with a DBH of less than 45 cm, the difference in moisture content between heartwood and sapwood was not significant (<i>p</i> > 0.05) at heights of 0.3 m and 0.8 m. However, at a height of 1.3 m, the difference was significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Soil analysis revealed that factors such as total nitrogen, available potassium, and water content significantly influenced the physical characteristics of <i>P. euphratica</i> heartwood and sapwood across different sites. Redundancy analysis (RDA) further demonstrated that total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and soil moisture were significantly correlated with the physical properties of <i>P. euphratica</i> heartwood and sapwood, further validating the critical role of soil nutrients in shaping the wood characteristics of <i>P. euphratica</i>. These findings highlighted the specific adaptations of <i>P. euphratica</i> in the lower Tarim River to the arid desert environment, reflected in the observed relationships between soil conditions and the physical characteristics of heartwood and sapwood. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-7ebc7d9c7eb84179a476352bd4e13cb72025-01-24T13:46:31ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114215410.3390/plants14020154Heartwood/Sapwood Characteristics of <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. Trunks and Their Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Lower Tarim River, Northwest ChinaTongyu Chen0Tayierjiang Aishan1Na Wang2Ümüt Halik3Shiyu Yao4College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, ChinaCollege of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, ChinaCollege of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, ChinaCollege of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, ChinaCollege of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, ChinaThe characteristics of heartwood and sapwood not only reflect tree growth and site quality but also provide insights into habitat changes. This study examines the natural <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. forest in the Arghan section of the lower Tarim River, comparing the heartwood and sapwood characteristics of <i>P. euphratica</i> at different distances from the river, as well as at varying trunk heights and diameters at breast height (DBH). The objective was to examine the correlation between these characteristics and the physicochemical properties of the soil to better understand the ecological response strategies of <i>P. euphratica</i> in arid environments. Results indicated that heartwood radius, sapwood width, sapwood area, and heartwood moisture content decreased with increasing trunk height, following the pattern: 0.3 m > 0.8 m > 1.3 m. In contrast, heartwood density increased as trunk height increased. Most of the heartwood and sapwood indicators increased with larger tree diameters. In the case of <i>P. euphratica</i> with a DBH of less than 45 cm, the difference in moisture content between heartwood and sapwood was not significant (<i>p</i> > 0.05) at heights of 0.3 m and 0.8 m. However, at a height of 1.3 m, the difference was significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Soil analysis revealed that factors such as total nitrogen, available potassium, and water content significantly influenced the physical characteristics of <i>P. euphratica</i> heartwood and sapwood across different sites. Redundancy analysis (RDA) further demonstrated that total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and soil moisture were significantly correlated with the physical properties of <i>P. euphratica</i> heartwood and sapwood, further validating the critical role of soil nutrients in shaping the wood characteristics of <i>P. euphratica</i>. These findings highlighted the specific adaptations of <i>P. euphratica</i> in the lower Tarim River to the arid desert environment, reflected in the observed relationships between soil conditions and the physical characteristics of heartwood and sapwood.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/154<i>Populus euphratica</i>heartwood/sapwood traitssoil nutrient dynamicsarid environment adaptation |
| spellingShingle | Tongyu Chen Tayierjiang Aishan Na Wang Ümüt Halik Shiyu Yao Heartwood/Sapwood Characteristics of <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. Trunks and Their Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Lower Tarim River, Northwest China Plants <i>Populus euphratica</i> heartwood/sapwood traits soil nutrient dynamics arid environment adaptation |
| title | Heartwood/Sapwood Characteristics of <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. Trunks and Their Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Lower Tarim River, Northwest China |
| title_full | Heartwood/Sapwood Characteristics of <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. Trunks and Their Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Lower Tarim River, Northwest China |
| title_fullStr | Heartwood/Sapwood Characteristics of <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. Trunks and Their Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Lower Tarim River, Northwest China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heartwood/Sapwood Characteristics of <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. Trunks and Their Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Lower Tarim River, Northwest China |
| title_short | Heartwood/Sapwood Characteristics of <i>Populus euphratica</i> Oliv. Trunks and Their Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Properties in the Lower Tarim River, Northwest China |
| title_sort | heartwood sapwood characteristics of i populus euphratica i oliv trunks and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties in the lower tarim river northwest china |
| topic | <i>Populus euphratica</i> heartwood/sapwood traits soil nutrient dynamics arid environment adaptation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/154 |
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