Dietary selective effects manifest in the human gut microbiota from species composition to strain genetic makeup

Summary: Diet significantly influences the human gut microbiota, a key player in health. We analyzed shotgun metagenomic sequencing data from healthy individuals with long-term dietary patterns—vegan, flexitarian, or omnivore—and included detailed dietary surveys and blood biomarkers. Dietary patter...

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Main Authors: Kun D. Huang, Mattea Müller, Pavaret Sivapornnukul, Agata Anna Bielecka, Lena Amend, Caroline Tawk, Till-Robin Lesker, Andreas Hahn, Till Strowig
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Cell Reports
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124724014189
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author Kun D. Huang
Mattea Müller
Pavaret Sivapornnukul
Agata Anna Bielecka
Lena Amend
Caroline Tawk
Till-Robin Lesker
Andreas Hahn
Till Strowig
author_facet Kun D. Huang
Mattea Müller
Pavaret Sivapornnukul
Agata Anna Bielecka
Lena Amend
Caroline Tawk
Till-Robin Lesker
Andreas Hahn
Till Strowig
author_sort Kun D. Huang
collection DOAJ
description Summary: Diet significantly influences the human gut microbiota, a key player in health. We analyzed shotgun metagenomic sequencing data from healthy individuals with long-term dietary patterns—vegan, flexitarian, or omnivore—and included detailed dietary surveys and blood biomarkers. Dietary patterns notably affected the bacterial community composition by altering the relative abundances of certain species but had a minimal impact on microbial functional repertoires. However, diet influenced microbial functionality at the strain level, with diet type linked to strain genetic variations. We also found molecular signatures of selective pressure in species enriched by specific diets. Notably, species enriched in omnivores exhibited stronger positive selection, such as multiple iron-regulating genes in the meat-favoring bacterium Odoribacter splanchnicus, an effect that was also validated in independent cohorts. Our findings offer insights into how diet shapes species and genetic diversity in the human gut microbiota.
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issn 2211-1247
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series Cell Reports
spelling doaj-art-7ebc104560484b9dbdeba86e5f135d1b2025-08-20T02:37:51ZengElsevierCell Reports2211-12472024-12-01431211506710.1016/j.celrep.2024.115067Dietary selective effects manifest in the human gut microbiota from species composition to strain genetic makeupKun D. Huang0Mattea Müller1Pavaret Sivapornnukul2Agata Anna Bielecka3Lena Amend4Caroline Tawk5Till-Robin Lesker6Andreas Hahn7Till Strowig8Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, GermanyInstitute of Food Science and Nutrition, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, GermanyDepartment of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology (CESM), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, GermanyDepartment of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, GermanyDepartment of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, GermanyDepartment of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, GermanyInstitute of Food Science and Nutrition, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, GermanyDepartment of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany; Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; Corresponding authorSummary: Diet significantly influences the human gut microbiota, a key player in health. We analyzed shotgun metagenomic sequencing data from healthy individuals with long-term dietary patterns—vegan, flexitarian, or omnivore—and included detailed dietary surveys and blood biomarkers. Dietary patterns notably affected the bacterial community composition by altering the relative abundances of certain species but had a minimal impact on microbial functional repertoires. However, diet influenced microbial functionality at the strain level, with diet type linked to strain genetic variations. We also found molecular signatures of selective pressure in species enriched by specific diets. Notably, species enriched in omnivores exhibited stronger positive selection, such as multiple iron-regulating genes in the meat-favoring bacterium Odoribacter splanchnicus, an effect that was also validated in independent cohorts. Our findings offer insights into how diet shapes species and genetic diversity in the human gut microbiota.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124724014189CP: Microbiology
spellingShingle Kun D. Huang
Mattea Müller
Pavaret Sivapornnukul
Agata Anna Bielecka
Lena Amend
Caroline Tawk
Till-Robin Lesker
Andreas Hahn
Till Strowig
Dietary selective effects manifest in the human gut microbiota from species composition to strain genetic makeup
Cell Reports
CP: Microbiology
title Dietary selective effects manifest in the human gut microbiota from species composition to strain genetic makeup
title_full Dietary selective effects manifest in the human gut microbiota from species composition to strain genetic makeup
title_fullStr Dietary selective effects manifest in the human gut microbiota from species composition to strain genetic makeup
title_full_unstemmed Dietary selective effects manifest in the human gut microbiota from species composition to strain genetic makeup
title_short Dietary selective effects manifest in the human gut microbiota from species composition to strain genetic makeup
title_sort dietary selective effects manifest in the human gut microbiota from species composition to strain genetic makeup
topic CP: Microbiology
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124724014189
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