Morphological constraints in hymenopteran forewings limit flight efficiency optimization

The evolution of wings and flapping flight was integral to the radiation of Pterygota, but little is known about the factors underpinning the morphological disparity of insect wings. We use a theoretical morphospace approach to investigate forewing morphology across the four major clades in Hymenopt...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Iman Fadel, Pablo S. Milla Carmona, Yuming Liu, Emily J. Rayfield, Philip C. J. Donoghue
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Royal Society 2025-07-01
Series:Royal Society Open Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.250224
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